Hamwe niterambere ridahwema no gushyira mubikorwa siyanse nikoranabuhanga, icyifuzo cyicyumba gisukuye cyinganda mubyiciro byose nacyo kiriyongera. Kugirango ubungabunge ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa, umutekano wumutekano, kandi utezimbere ibicuruzwa, inganda zinganda zikeneye kubaka ibyumba bisukuye. Muhinduzi azamenyekanisha ibisabwa bisanzwe byibyumba bisukuye muburyo burambuye uhereye kurwego, igishushanyo, ibisabwa ibikoresho, imiterere, ubwubatsi, kwemerwa, kwirinda, nibindi.
1. Sukura ibipimo byo gutoranya ibyumba
Guhitamo urubuga rwicyumba gisukuye bigomba gusuzuma ibintu byinshi, cyane cyane ibi bikurikira:
①. Ibidukikije: Amahugurwa agomba kuba kure y’umwanda nkumwotsi, urusaku, imirasire ya electromagnetique, nibindi kandi bikabona uburyo bwiza bwo guhumeka.
②. Ibintu byabantu: Amahugurwa agomba kuba kure yimihanda nyabagendwa, mumujyi rwagati, resitora, ubwiherero n’ahantu nyabagendwa n’ahantu h’urusaku rwinshi.
③. Ubumenyi bw'ikirere: Tekereza ku butaka bukikije, imiterere y'ubutaka, ikirere n'ibindi bintu kamere, kandi ntibishobora kuba mu mukungugu no mu mucanga.
④. Gutanga amazi, gutanga amashanyarazi, uburyo bwo gutanga gaze: Birakenewe ko ibintu byibanze nkamazi meza, gaze, amashanyarazi, hamwe n’itumanaho.
⑤. Impamvu z'umutekano: Amahugurwa agomba kuba ahantu hasa nkaho ari umutekano kugirango hirindwe ingaruka ziterwa n’umwanda n’amasoko ateye akaga.
⑥. Ahantu hubatswe n'uburebure: Ubunini n'uburebure bw'amahugurwa bigomba kuba bitagereranywa kugirango byongere imbaraga zo guhumeka no kugabanya ibiciro by'ibikoresho bigezweho.
2. Sukura ibyumba bisabwa
①. Imiterere yinyubako isabwa: Imiterere yinyubako yicyumba gisukuye igomba kuba ifite ibiranga umukungugu, udashobora kumeneka no kurwanya kwinjira kugirango harebwe ko umwanda uturuka hanze udashobora kwinjira mumahugurwa.
②. Ibisabwa kubutaka: Ubutaka bugomba kuba butameze neza, butarimo umukungugu kandi byoroshye koza, kandi ibikoresho bigomba kuba birwanya kwambara kandi birwanya static.
③. Ibisabwa kurukuta nigisenge: Urukuta nigisenge bigomba kuba bitameze neza, bitarimo ivumbi kandi byoroshye koza, kandi ibikoresho bigomba kuba birwanya kwambara kandi birwanya static.
④. Ibisabwa ku muryango no mu idirishya: Inzugi n'amadirishya by'icyumba gisukuye bigomba gufungwa neza kugirango birinde umwuka wo hanze hamwe n’umwanda winjira mu mahugurwa.
⑤. Sisitemu yo gukonjesha ibisabwa: Ukurikije urwego rwicyumba gisukuye, hagomba gutoranywa uburyo bukwiye bwo guhumeka neza kugirango habeho itangwa n’ikwirakwizwa ry’umwuka mwiza.
⑥. Sisitemu yo kumurika ibisabwa: Sisitemu yo kumurika igomba kuba ikeneye amatara yicyumba gisukuye mugihe twirinze ubushyuhe bukabije n amashanyarazi ahamye.
⑦. Sisitemu ya sisitemu isabwa: Sisitemu yo gusohora igomba kuba ishobora gukuraho neza umwanda hamwe na gaze ya gaze mu mahugurwa kugirango habeho gutembera no kugira isuku yumwuka mumahugurwa.
3. Ibisabwa kubakozi bo mucyumba gisukuye
①. Amahugurwa: Abakozi bose bo mucyumba gisukuye bagomba kwakira imikorere yicyumba gisukuye hamwe namahugurwa yisuku, kandi bagasobanukirwa ibisabwa bisanzwe nuburyo bukoreshwa mubyumba bisukuye.
②. Kwambara: Abakozi bagomba kwambara ibikoresho birinda umuntu nkimyenda yakazi, gants, masike, nibindi byujuje ubuziranenge bwibyumba bisukuye kugirango birinde kwanduza abakozi mumahugurwa.
③. Ibisobanuro birambuye: Abakozi bagomba gukora bakurikije inzira zikorwa zamahugurwa asukuye kugirango birinde umukungugu mwinshi n’umwanda.
4. Ibikoresho bikenerwa mubyumba bisukuye
①. Guhitamo ibikoresho: Hitamo ibikoresho byujuje ubuziranenge bwibyumba bisukuye kugirango umenye neza ko ibikoresho ubwabyo bidatanga umukungugu mwinshi n’umwanda.
②. Kubungabunga ibikoresho: Kubungabunga buri gihe ibikoresho kugirango ukore imikorere isanzwe hamwe nisuku yibikoresho.
③. Imiterere y'ibikoresho: Shyira mu gaciro ibikoresho kugirango umenye neza ko intera n'umuyoboro uri hagati y'ibikoresho byujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa mucyumba gisukuye.
5. Amahame yimiterere yicyumba gisukuye
①. Amahugurwa yo kubyaza umusaruro igice cyingenzi cyicyumba gisukuye kandi agomba gucungwa muburyo bumwe, kandi umwuka mwiza ugomba gusohoka mumiyoboro ifite umuvuduko muke ukikije ikirere.
②. Agace k'ubugenzuzi n'ahantu ho gukorera bigomba gutandukana kandi ntibigomba gukorerwa ahantu hamwe.
③. Urwego rwisuku rwigenzura, imikorere nudupakira rugomba kuba rutandukanye kandi rugabanya ibice.
④. Icyumba gisukuye kigomba kugira intera runaka yo kwanduza kugirango birinde kwanduza umusaraba, kandi icyumba cyo kwanduza kigomba gukoresha akayunguruzo ko mu kirere k’urwego rutandukanye rw’isuku.
⑤. Kunywa itabi, guhekenya amenyo, nibindi birabujijwe mucyumba gisukuye kugirango amahugurwa agire isuku.
6. Gusukura ibyangombwa byibyumba bisukuye
①. Isuku isanzwe: Icyumba gisukuye kigomba gusukurwa buri gihe kugirango gikureho umukungugu n’umwanda.
②. Uburyo bwo gukora isuku: Gutegura uburyo bwo gukora isuku kugirango usobanure uburyo bwogusukura, inshuro nabantu bashinzwe.
③. Gusukura inyandiko: Andika inzira yisuku nibisubizo kugirango umenye neza kandi ukurikiranwe neza.
7. Gukurikirana ibisabwa mubyumba bisukuye
①. Kugenzura ubuziranenge bw’ikirere: Gukurikirana buri gihe ubwiza bw’ikirere mu cyumba gisukuye kugira ngo isuku yubahirizwe.
②. Gukurikirana isuku yubuso: Gukurikirana buri gihe isuku yubuso mucyumba gisukuye kugirango harebwe niba isuku yubutaka yujujwe.
③. Kugenzura inyandiko: Andika ibisubizo byakurikiranwe kugirango umenye neza niba ukurikirana.
8. Ibisabwa kugirango umuntu yemererwe ibyumba bisukuye
①. Ibipimo byo kwakirwa: Ukurikije urwego rwibyumba bisukuye, shiraho ibipimo byemewe.
②. Uburyo bwo kwemererwa: Sobanura inzira zokwemererwa hamwe nababishinzwe kugirango umenye neza niba byakirwa.
③. Inyandiko zo kwakirwa: Andika inzira yo kwemererwa n'ibisubizo kugirango umenye neza kandi ukurikiranwe neza.
9. Hindura ibisabwa mubuyobozi bwibyumba bisukuye
①. Hindura gusaba: Kubihinduka byose mubyumba bisukuye, gusaba impinduka bigomba gutangwa kandi birashobora gushyirwa mubikorwa nyuma yo kubyemererwa.
②. Hindura inyandiko: Andika inzira n'ibisubizo by'impinduka kugirango umenye neza imikorere n'impinduka.
10. Kwirinda
①. Mugihe cyo gukora icyumba gisukuye, witondere gukemura ibibazo byihutirwa nkumuriro w'amashanyarazi, umwuka utemba, n'amazi yatemba umwanya uwariwo wose kugirango ukore neza aho ibidukikije bikorerwa.
②. Abakora amahugurwa bagomba guhabwa amahugurwa yumwuga, ibisobanuro byimikorere nigitabo gikora, bagashyira mubikorwa inzira zikorwa ningamba zumutekano, kandi bakazamura ubumenyi bwimikorere no kumva ko bafite inshingano.
③. Kugenzura buri gihe no kubungabunga amahugurwa asukuye, kwandika amakuru y’imicungire, no kugenzura buri gihe ibipimo by’ibidukikije nk’isuku, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, n’umuvuduko.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-16-2025