1. Intangiriro yo kuyungurura hepa
Nkuko twese tubizi, inganda zikora imiti zifite ibisabwa byinshi ku isuku n'umutekano. Iyo hari ivumbi mu ruganda, bizatera umwanda, kwangiza ubuzima ndetse n'ingaruka zo guturika. Kubwibyo, gukoresha filters za hepa ni ngombwa cyane. Ni izihe ngamba zo gukoresha filters za hepa, igihe cyo gusimbuza, ibipimo byo gusimbuza n'ibimenyetso? Ni gute amashami y'imiti afite ibisabwa ku isuku ikomeye agomba guhitamo filters za hepa? Mu nganda zikora imiti, filters za hepa ni filters za nyuma zikoreshwa mu kuvura no kuyungurura umwuka mu bikorerwamo. Gukora filters za hepa bisaba gukoresha filters za hepa ku ngufu, kandi rimwe na rimwe hakoreshwa imiterere ikomeye n'iyoroheje. Icyumba cyo gusukura imiti gitandukanye n'ibindi byumba bisukuye by'inganda. Itandukaniro ni uko iyo hakorwa ibikoresho n'ibikoresho fatizo bidafite aside, ntibikenewe gusa kugenzura uduce duto duto mu kirere, ahubwo no kugenzura umubare wa mikorobe. Kubwibyo, sisitemu yo gukonjesha umwuka mu ruganda rukora imiti ifite uburyo bwo gusukura, gusukura, kwica udukoko n'ubundi buryo bwo kugenzura mikorobe mu rwego rw'amategeko abigenga. Akayunguruzo k'umwuka gakoresha ibikoresho bifite imyenge yo kuyungurura kugira ngo gafate umukungugu uva mu mwuka, gasukure umwuka, kandi gasukure umwuka w'umukungugu hanyuma kakawohereza mu cyumba kugira ngo habeho isuku y'umwuka mu cyumba. Ku bigo by'imiti bifite ibisabwa byinshi, ibyuma bya hepa bifunga gel bikunze gukoreshwa mu kuyungurura. Ibiyunguruzo bya hepa bifunga gel bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gufata uduce turi munsi ya 0.3μm. Bifite uburyo bwo gufunga neza, ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura bwinshi, ubushobozi bwo kudatemba buhoro, kandi bishobora gukoreshwa igihe kirekire kugira ngo bigabanye ikiguzi cy'ibikoresho bizakoreshwa nyuma, bigatanga umwuka mwiza ku bigo by'imiti bisukuye. Ibiyunguruzo bya hepa muri rusange bipimwa amazi mbere yo kuva mu ruganda, ariko abatari abanyamwuga bagomba kwitondera cyane mu gihe cyo kubikoresha no kubishyiraho. Gushyiramo nabi rimwe na rimwe bituma imyanda iva mu gitereko ikajya mu cyumba gisukuye, bityo ibizamini byo kumenya imyanda akenshi bikorwa nyuma yo kuyishyiraho kugira ngo byemezwe niba ibikoresho bya filter byangiritse; niba agasanduku karimo kuva amazi; niba filter yashyizweho neza. Igenzura rihoraho rigomba kandi gukorwa mu gihe kizaza kugira ngo harebwe ko ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura filter bwujuje ibisabwa mu gukora. Uburyo bukunze gukoreshwa burimo utuyungurura twa hepa duto, utuyungurura twa hepa duto, utuyungurura twa gel seal, nibindi, bigeraho intego yo gusukura binyuze mu kuyungurura umwuka no kuwusukura kugira ngo bikuremo uduce tw’umukungugu mu kirere. Umutwaro w’akayungurura (urwego) n’itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko wo hejuru n’uwo munsi nabyo ni ingenzi. Iyo itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko wo hejuru n’uwo munsi w’akayungurura ryiyongereye, ingufu zikenewe mu buryo bw’umwuka n’umwuka usohoka zizagenda ziyongera, kugira ngo hakomeze kubaho impinduka zikenewe mu mwuka. Itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko hagati y’utuyungurura two hejuru n’uwo munsi w’utwo dushobora kongera umupaka w’imikorere y’uburyo bwo guhumeka.
2. Igipimo ngenderwaho cyo gusimbuza
Byaba ari akayunguruzo ka hepa gashyizwe ku mpera y'icyuma gikonjesha cyangwa akayunguruzo ka hepa gashyizwe mu gasanduku ka hepa, ibi bigomba kuba bifite inyandiko z'igihe cy'imikorere nyayo n'isuku n'ingano y'umwuka nk'ishingiro ryo gusimbuza. Urugero, mu ikoreshwa risanzwe, igihe cyo gukora cya kayunguruzo ka hepa gishobora kuba kirenze umwaka umwe. Niba uburinzi bw'imbere ari bwiza, igihe cyo gukora cya kayunguruzo ka hepa gishobora kuba kirenze imyaka ibiri nta kibazo. Birumvikana ko ibi biterwa kandi n'ubwiza bwa kayunguruzo ka hepa, cyangwa ndetse n'igihe kirekire. Akayunguruzo ka hepa gashyizwe mu bikoresho byo gusukura, nka kayunguruzo ka hepa mu bwogero bw'umwuka, gashobora kugira igihe cyo gukora kirenze imyaka ibiri niba kayunguruzo k'ibanze k'imbere karinzwe neza; nk'akayunguruzo ka hepa ku ntebe isukuye, dushobora gusimbuza kayunguruzo ka hepa binyuze mu gupima umuvuduko w'igipimo cy'umuvuduko ku ntebe yo gusukura. Akayunguruzo ka hepa kari ku nzu isukuye gashobora kugena igihe cyiza cyo gusimbuza kayunguruzo k'umwuka binyuze mu gupima umuvuduko w'umwuka wa kayunguruzo ka hepa. Iyo ari akayunguruzo k'umwuka ka hepa kari ku gice cy'urufunguzo rw'umufana wa FFU, akayunguruzo ka hepa gasimburwa binyuze mu buryo bwo kugenzura PLC cyangwa uburyo bwo gupima umuvuduko. Ibisabwa ku mashini zitunganya umwuka mu nganda zikora imiti biteganywa mu buryo busukuye ni ibi bikurikira: umuvuduko w'umwuka ugabanuka kugeza ku rugero ntarengwa, muri rusange uri munsi ya 0.35m/s; imbaraga ziyongera inshuro 2 z'agaciro k'imbaraga ziyongera, kandi muri rusange zishyirwa ku nshuro 1.5 n'ibigo; iyo habayeho gutakaza amazi bidasanwa, aho gusana ntihagomba kurenza amanota 3, kandi ahantu hose ho gusana ntihagomba kurenza 3%, kandi aho gusana ahantu hamwe ntihagomba kurenza 2cm * 2cm. Bamwe mu bahanga bacu b'inararibonye mu gushyiraho akayunguruzo k'umwuka batanze uburambe bw'agaciro, kandi hano tuzabagezaho akayunguruzo ka hepa mu nganda zikora imiti, twizeye kugufasha gusobanukirwa igihe cyiza cyo gusimbuza akayunguruzo k'umwuka neza. Iyo igipimo cy'umuvuduko w'umuvuduko w'umwuka kigaragaje ko imbaraga ziyongera ziyongera inshuro 2 kugeza kuri 3 z'imbaraga ziyongera ku ngufu ... Mu gihe nta gipimo cy’umuvuduko kidahinduka, ushobora gukoresha uburyo bubiri bukurikira bworoshye kugira ngo ufate icyemezo niba gikwiye gusimburwa: reba ibara ry’ibikoresho by’urufunguzo ku mpande zo hejuru n’izo hasi z’umuyaga wa filter y’umwuka. Niba ibara ry’ibikoresho by’urufunguzo ku ruhande rw’aho umwuka usohokera ritangiye guhinduka umukara, ugomba kwitegura kurusimbuza; kora ku bikoresho by’urufunguzo ku ruhande rw’aho umwuka usohokera wa filter y’umwuka n’ukuboko kwawe. Niba hari ivumbi ryinshi ku kuboko kwawe, ugomba kwitegura kurusimbuza; andika uko filter y’umwuka ihagaze inshuro nyinshi kandi uvuge muri make uruziga rwiza rwo kuyisimbura; niba itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko hagati y’icyumba gisukuye n’icyumba cyegeranye rigabanuka cyane mbere yuko filter y’umwuka ya hepa igera ku budahangarwa bwa nyuma, birashoboka ko budahangarwa bw’ibikoresho by’ibanze n’iby’inyongera ari bwinshi cyane, kandi ugomba kwitegura kurusimbuza; niba isuku mu cyumba gisukuye itujuje ibisabwa mu gishushanyo, cyangwa hakabaho umuvuduko mubi, kandi filter y’umwuka y’ibanze n’iy’inyongera itaragera ku gihe cyo kuyisimbura, birashoboka ko budahangarwa bw’urufunguzo rwa hepa ari bwinshi cyane, kandi ugomba kwitegura kurusimbuza.
3. Ubuzima bwa serivisi
Mu gihe gisanzwe gikoreshwa, akayunguruzo ka hepa mu ruganda rukora imiti gasimburwa rimwe mu myaka 1 kugeza kuri 2 (bitewe n'ubwiza bw'umwuka mu turere dutandukanye), kandi aya makuru aratandukanye cyane. Amakuru y'uburambe ashobora kuboneka gusa mu mushinga runaka nyuma yo kugenzura imikorere y'icyumba gisukuye, kandi amakuru y'uburambe akwiriye icyumba gisukuye ashobora gutangwa gusa ku bwogero bw'umwuka bwo mu cyumba gisukuye. Ibintu bigira ingaruka ku buzima bwa kayunguruzo ka hepa: (1). Ibintu byo hanze: Ibidukikije byo hanze. Niba hari umuhanda munini cyangwa umuhanda hanze y'icyumba gisukuye, hari ivumbi ryinshi, bizagira ingaruka zitaziguye ku ikoreshwa rya kayunguruzo ka hepa kandi igihe cyazo cyo gukoreshwa kizagabanuka cyane. (Kubera iyo mpamvu, guhitamo aho hantu ni ingenzi cyane) (2). Impera z'imbere n'izo hagati z'umuyoboro w'umwuka ubusanzwe ziba zifite kayunguruzo z'ibanze n'iziciriritse ku mpera z'imbere n'izo hagati z'umuyoboro w'umwuka. Intego ni ukurinda no gukoresha kayunguruzo ka hepa neza, kugabanya umubare w'ibikoresho bisimbura, no kugabanya ikiguzi cy'amafaranga. Niba kayunguruzo k'imbere kadakozwe neza, igihe cya kayunguruzo ka hepa nacyo kizagabanuka. Iyo filters z'ibanze n'iziciriritse zikuweho, igihe cyo gukora cya filter ya hepa kizaba kigufi cyane. Ibintu by'imbere: Nkuko twese tubizi, agace gasukura neza ka filter ya hepa, ni ukuvuga ubushobozi bwayo bwo gufata ivumbi, bigira ingaruka ku ikoreshwa rya filter ya hepa. Ikoreshwa ryayo ringana n'agace gasukura neza. Uko agace gasukura neza kaba kanini, niko ubushobozi bwayo bwo kudakora neza bugabanuka kandi igihe cyo gukora kiraba kirekire. Ni byiza kwita cyane ku gace gasukura neza kayo no kudakora neza mu gihe cyo guhitamo filters za hepa. Gutandukana kwa filter ya hepa ni ngombwa. Niba igomba gusimburwa bigomba gupimwa no gupimwa aho iherereye. Iyo igipimo cyo kuyisimbura kimaze kugerwaho, igomba kugenzurwa no gusimburwa. Kubwibyo, agaciro k'ubuzima bwa filters ntigashobora kwaguka mu buryo butunguranye mu ikoreshwa. Niba igishushanyo mbonera cya sisitemu kidasobanutse, uburyo bwo kuvura umwuka mwiza butahari, kandi gahunda yo kugenzura ivumbi ry'umwuka wo mu cyumba gisukuye idahuje na siyansi, igihe cyo gukora cya filter ya hepa y'uruganda rw'imiti kizaba kigufi, kandi bimwe bigomba gusimburwa mu gihe kitarenze umwaka. Ibizamini bifitanye isano: (1). Gukurikirana itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko: Iyo itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko mbere na nyuma y'aho akayunguruzo kageze ku gaciro kagenwe, akenshi bigaragaza ko gakwiye gusimburwa; (2). Igihe kagenewe: Reba igihe kagenewe akayunguruzo, ariko nanone urebe hamwe n'imimerere nyayo; (3). Ihinduka ry'isuku: Niba isuku y'umwuka mu iduka igabanuka cyane, bishobora kuba biterwa n'uko imikorere ya kayunguruzo yagabanutse kandi hagomba gusubukurwa; (4). Ubunararibonye mu gusuzuma: Fata icyemezo cyuzuye ukurikije ubunararibonye bwakoreshejwe mbere no kureba uko akayunguruzo gahagaze; (5). Reba ibyangiritse ku mubiri by'ahantu hatandukanye, utudomo cyangwa ibizinga byahindutse, icyuho cya gasket n'ihinduka ry'ibara cyangwa ingese ku gitereko na ecran; (6). Ikizamini cy'ubuziranenge mu kuyungurura, ikizamini cyo gusohoka ukoresheje agakoresho k'umukungugu, hanyuma wandike ibisubizo uko bikenewe.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kamena-23-2025