Waba uzi ibyumba?

Ivuka ry'icyumba

Kugaragara no guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga ryose rigomba kubyara umusaruro. Ikoranabuhanga ryubuhanga ntabwo ridasanzwe. Mu Ntambara ya Kabiri y'Isi Yose, Amerika yashyizeho uruzitiro rureremba mu kirere ku nkombe y'indege. Kubera ubwiza budahungabana, buri 10 wagombaga gukorerwa impuzandengo inshuro 120. Mu ntambara yo muri Koreya mu ntangiriro ya za 1950, Amerika yasimbuye ibice birenga miliyoni miriyoni y'ibice bya elegitoroniki miliyoni 160.000 y'ibikoresho by'itumanaho. Radar yananiwe 84% yigihe na submarine sonar yananiwe 48% yigihe. Impamvu nuko kwizerwa nibikoresho bya elegitoroniki nibice bikennye kandi ubuziranenge ntibuhungabana. Igisirikare n'ibikorwa byakoze iperereza ku mpamvu kandi amaherezo bizera ibintu byinshi bijyanye n'ibijyanye no gutanga umusaruro wanduye. Nubwo hafashwe ingamba zinyuranye zo gufunga amahugurwa yo gukora muri kiriya gihe, ingaruka zari nto. Ngiyo rero kuvuka kwizura!

Iterambere ry'icyumba

Icyiciro cya mbere

Ntabwo yari mu ntangiriro ya 1950 ko Hepa (imikorere miremire ya Air filter) yakozwe na komisiyo ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika mu 1951 kugira ngo ikemure ikibazo cyo gukinisha umukungugu wa radiyo wakoreshwaga mu kirere cya Amahugurwa yumusaruro, hamwe nicyumba cya kijyawe cyavutse rwose.

Icyiciro cya kabiri

Mu 1961, Willis Whitfield, umushakashatsi mukuru muri Laboratwari y'igihugu ya Sandua muri Amerika, yasabye gahunda yo guhuriza hamwe ikirere cyera, icyo gihe icyo gihe cyasabye ku musozi, ubu bita ku mugaragaro imigezi idahwitse, kandi igashyira mu bikorwa by'ubwumvikane. Kuva icyo gihe, ibyumba bisukuye byageze kurwego rutigeze rubaho.

Icyiciro cya gatatu

Muri uwo mwaka, ingabo zo mu kirere zo muri Amerika zateguwe kandi zitanga ibyumba bya mbere by'isi kuri 00-25--203BENC ". Hashingiwe kuri leta ya Leta ya Leta-STD-209, igabanya icyumba gisukuye mu nzego eshatu, byatangajwe mu nzego zigera gatatu, byatangajwe mu nzego eshatu. Kugeza ubu, prototype y'ikoranabuhanga ryuzuye.

Iterambere rya gatatu ryavuzwe haruguru rikunze gushimirwa nkibice bitatu byingenzi mumateka yiterambere ryicyumba cya none.

Hagati ya za 1960, ibyumba byaturutse mu nzego zitandukanye zinganda muri Amerika. Ntabwo ikoreshwa gusa mu nganda za gisirikare gusa, ahubwo yanatejwe imbere muri electronics, optics, MicroSonings, Filime z'ibikoresho, byagize uruhare runini mu guteza imbere iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga n'inganda Icyo gihe. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ibikurikira ni intangiriro irambuye murugo no mumahanga.

Kugereranya iterambere

Mu mahanga

Mu ntangiriro ya 1950, komisiyo ishinzwe ingufu za Amerika Ingufu z'Amerika zatangije uburyo bwo hejuru cyane muyunguruzi (Hepa) mu 1950 kugira ngo bikemure ikibazo cyo gufata umukungugu wa radiyo, kuba intambwe ya mbere mu mateka y'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga .

Hagati ya za 1960, icyumba mu bisebe nk'imashini za elegitoronike muri Amerika zaratetse nk'imvura nyuma y'imvura, kandi icyarimwe utangire inzira yo guhinduranya tekinoroji y'ibyumba by'ingamba zo mu kirere. Mu 1961, Laminari (Isuku ivanze) Isuku yavutse. Isuku yambere yisi-amabwiriza ya tekinike yo muri Amerika 203 yashinzwe.

Mu ntangiriro ya za 70, intego yo kubaka icyumba yatangiye kwimuka mu buvuzi, imiti, ibiribwa n'ibinyabuzima. In addition to the United States, other advanced industrial countries, such as Japan, Germany, Britain, France, Switzerland, the former Soviet Union, and the Netherlands, have also attached great importance to and vigorously developed cleanroom technology.

Nyuma ya za 1980, Amerika n'Ubuyapani byateje imbere muyungurura neza ultra-yo hejuru hamwe no kurwara .μm hamwe no gufata neza 99.99%. Hanyuma, ultra-urwego rwo hejuru ibyumba bisukuye bya 0.1μm urwego 10 na 0.1μm urwego rwa 1 rwubatswe, rwazanye iterambere ryikoranabuhanga mu cyumba.

Urugo

Kuva mu ntangiriro ya za 1960 kugeza mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 70, iyi myaka icumi yari itangiriye no gufatiro icyiza cyikoranabuhanga ry'ubushinwa. Hari nyuma yimyaka icumi kuruta ibihugu byabo. Byari ibihe bidasanzwe kandi bigoye, hamwe nubukungu bwintege nke kandi nta diplomasi hamwe nibihugu bikomeye. Mu bihe bigoye, hirya no hino by'imashini z'imashini zashizweho, ibikoresho by'indege n'ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, abakozi b'ikoranabuhanga mu Bushinwa batangiye urugendo rwabo rwo kwihangira imirimo.

Kuva mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 70 kugeza mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 1980, muri iyi myaka icumi, tekinorono y'icyumba cy'Ubushinwa yahuye n'icyiciro cy'iterambere ry'izuba. Mu iterambere ry'ikoranaburanga ry'ububiko bw'icyumba cy'Ubushinwa, ibintu byinshi bihambaye kandi byingenzi byavutse hafi kuri iki cyiciro. Ibipimo byageze ku rwego rwa tekiniki y'ibihugu by'amahanga mu myaka ya za 1980.

Hamwe n'iterambere ry'ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga, imishinga y'isumba y'ibyumba by'Ubushinwa nayo yateye imbere vuba.

Nkuko amahame yubuzima yabantu akomeje kunonosora, ibyo bakeneye kubidukikije hamwe nubuzima bwubuzima birimo kwiyongera kandi hejuru, kandiIsukuIkoranabuhanga rya Engineering ryakoreshejwe buhoro buhoro risukurwa murugo. Kugeza ubu,Ubushinwa's IsukuUbwubatsi ntabwo bukoreshwa gusa kuri electronics, amashanyarazi, ibiryo, ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi n'izindi myitozo ngororamubiri n'ahantu, ibibi bikomeza guteza imbere ubumenyi n'ikoranabuhanga buhoro buhoroIsukuIbigo byubwubatsi mubihumbi byimiryango, nibipimo byimbere mu gihuguIsukuInganda nazo zakuze, abantu batangiye kwishimira buhoro buhoro ingaruka zaIsukuUbwubatsi.