Ibyumba bisukuye bikoreshwa mu nganda nyinshi, nko gukora ibikoresho by'urumuri, gukora ibice bito, sisitemu nini z'ikoranabuhanga zikoresha amashanyarazi, gukora sisitemu z'amazi cyangwa iz'umwuka, gukora ibiribwa n'ibinyobwa, inganda zikora imiti, nibindi. Imitako y'icyumba gisukuye ikubiyemo ibintu byinshi byuzuye nko gukonjesha, gukoresha amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi adakomeye, gusukura amazi, gukumira inkongi, kurwanya static, sterilization, nibindi. Kubwibyo, kugira ngo usharize icyumba gisukuye neza, ugomba gusobanukirwa ubumenyi bujyanye nacyo.
Icyumba gisukuye bivuga gukuraho uduce duto, umwuka w’uburozi n’uwangiza, inkomoko ya bagiteri n’indi myanda mu kirere mu mwanya runaka, kandi ubushyuhe, isuku, umuvuduko w’umwuka n’ikwirakwira ry’umwuka, igitutu cyo mu nzu, urusaku, guhinda umushyitsi, amatara, amashanyarazi adahinduka, nibindi bigenzurwa mu rugero runaka rukenewe, kandi icyumba cyangwa icyumba cy’ibidukikije cyagenewe kugira agaciro kadasanzwe.
1. Ikiguzi cyo gusukura icyumba
Ni ibihe bintu bigira ingaruka ku giciro cy'imitako y'icyumba gisukuye? Biterwa ahanini n'ibintu cumi na kimwe: sisitemu yo kwakira, sisitemu yo guhagarara, igisenge, igice cyo kugabanyamo ibice, hasi, urwego rw'isuku, ibisabwa mu rumuri, icyiciro cy'inganda, aho ikirango giherereye, uburebure bw'igisenge, n'ubuso. Muri byo, uburebure bw'igisenge n'ubuso ni ibintu bidahinduka, naho ibindi icyenda bisigaye birahinduka. Dufashe urugero rwa sisitemu yo kwakira, hari ubwoko bune bw'ingenzi ku isoko: utubati dukonjeshwa n'amazi, utumashini two kwagura ibintu, utumashini dukonjeshwa n'umwuka, n'utumashini dukonjeshwa n'amazi. Ibiciro by'ibi bikoresho bine bitandukanye biratandukanye rwose, kandi icyuho ni kinini cyane.
2. Imitako y'icyumba isukuye ikubiyemo ahanini ibice bikurikira
(1) Kugena gahunda n'ibiciro, no gusinya amasezerano
Muri rusange tubanza gusura aho hantu, kandi gahunda nyinshi zigomba gutegurwa hashingiwe ku miterere y'aho hantu n'ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu cyumba gisukuye. Inganda zitandukanye zifite ibisabwa bitandukanye, urwego rutandukanye, n'ibiciro bitandukanye. Ni ngombwa kubwira umushushanyi urwego rw'isuku, ubuso, igisenge n'imitako by'icyumba gisukuye. Ni byiza kugira ibishushanyo. Biroroshya igishushanyo nyuma yo gukora kandi bikagabanya igihe. Nyuma yo kugena igiciro cy'igishushanyo, amasezerano arasinywa hanyuma imirimo yo kubaka iratangira.
(2) Imiterere y'aho icyumba giherereye hameze neza
Imitako y'icyumba gisukuye muri rusange igizwe n'ibice bitatu: agace gasukuye, agace gasukuye gato n'agace k'inyongera. Imiterere y'icyumba gisukuye ishobora kuba mu buryo bukurikira:
Veranda izunguruka: Veranda ishobora kugira amadirishya cyangwa ntayo ifite, kandi ikoreshwa mu gusura no gushyiramo ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe. Hari n'ibikoresho bishyushya imbere muri veranda. Amadirishya yo hanze agomba kuba afite amadirishya afunze kabiri.
Ubwoko bw'inzira y'imbere: Icyumba gisukuye kiri ku nkengero z'umuhanda, naho inzira y'umuhanda iri imbere. Isuku y'iyi nzira muri rusange iri hejuru, ndetse ni urwego rumwe n'icyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi. Ubwoko bw'impande ebyiri: ahantu hasukuye hari ku ruhande rumwe, naho ibyumba bisukuye n'iby'inyongera biri ku rundi ruhande.
Ubwoko bw'ibanze: Kugira ngo ubutaka buzigame kandi bugabanye imiyoboro, agace gasukuye gashobora gukoreshwa nk'inkingi, gakikijwe n'ibyumba bitandukanye by'inyongera n'ahantu hihishe imiyoboro. Ubu buryo bwirinda ingaruka z'ikirere cyo hanze ku gace gasukuye kandi bugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu z'ubukonje n'ubushyuhe, bityo bikaba byiza mu kuzigama ingufu.
(3) Gushyiramo isuku igice cy'icyumba
Bingana n'urukuta rusange. Nyuma yo kuzana ibikoresho, inkuta zose zo kugabanyamo ibice zizaba zarangiye. Igihe kizagenwa hakurikijwe ubuso bw'inyubako y'uruganda. Imitako y'icyumba isukuye ni iy'inganda kandi muri rusange yihuta cyane. Bitandukanye n'inganda zo gushushanya, igihe cyo kubaka kiratinda.
(4) Gushyiramo igisenge cy'icyumba gisukuye
Nyuma yo gushyiraho ibice, ugomba gushyiraho igisenge gihagaze, ibyo bikaba bitagomba kwirengagizwa. Ibikoresho bizashyirwa ku gisenge, nka filters za FFU, amatara yo gusukura, ibyuma bikonjesha, nibindi. Intera iri hagati y’ibinini bimanikwa n’amasahani igomba kuba ijyanye n’amabwiriza. Kora imiterere ikwiye kugira ngo wirinde ibibazo bitari ngombwa nyuma.
(5) Gushyiraho ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bikonjesha
Ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu nganda zisukura birimo: filters za FFU, amatara yo gusukura, imiyoboro y'umwuka, douche, conditioner, nibindi. Ibikoresho muri rusange bigenda buhoro kandi bifata igihe kugira ngo irangi rikoreshwe. Kubwibyo, nyuma yo gusinya amasezerano, witondere igihe cyo kuhagera kw'ibikoresho. Muri iki gihe, gushyiraho ububiko biba byararangiye, kandi intambwe ikurikiraho ni ubwubatsi bw'ubutaka.
(6) Ubwubatsi bwo hasi
Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'irangi ryo hasi rikwiriye ubwoko bw'ubutaka? Ni iki ugomba kwitaho mu gihe cyo kubaka irangi ryo hasi, ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe ni ibihe, ndetse n'igihe cy'igihe imirimo yo kubaka irangiye mbere yuko winjira. Ba nyir'inzu baragirwa inama yo kubanza gusuzuma.
(7) Kwemera
Genzura niba ibikoresho byo kugabanyamo ibice ari byose. Niba aho bakorera hageze ku rwego. Niba ibikoresho byo muri buri gace bishobora gukora neza, n'ibindi.
3. Guhitamo ibikoresho byo gushariza icyumba gisukuye
Ibikoresho byo gushariza imbere:
(1) Ubushuhe bw'ibiti bikoreshwa mu cyumba gisukuye ntibugomba kurenza 16% kandi ntibugomba gushyirwa ahagaragara. Bitewe n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere rikunze kubaho n'ubushuhe buke mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi, iyo hakoreshejwe ibiti byinshi, byoroshye kuma, guhindura isura, gukurura, gutanga ivumbi, nibindi. Nubwo byakoreshwa, bigomba gukoreshwa mu gace runaka, kandi hagomba gukorwa uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese no kwirinda ubushuhe.
(2) Muri rusange, iyo gypsum ikenewe mu cyumba gisukuye, gypsum idapfa amazi igomba gukoreshwa. Ariko, kubera ko ibyuma bikorerwamo gypsum akenshi bisukurwa n'amazi kandi bigasukurwa n'imiti yica udukoko, ndetse n'ibyuma bikorerwamo gypsum bidapfa amazi bizagirwaho ingaruka n'ubushuhe n'impinduka kandi ntibishobora kwihanganira gukaraba. Kubwibyo, biteganywa ko ibyuma bikorerwamo gypsum bidakwiye gukoresha gypsum nk'ibikoresho byo gupfuka.
(3) Icyumba gisukuye gitandukanye nacyo kigomba kwita ku byo umuntu akeneye mu gihe cyo guhitamo ibikoresho byo gushushanya imbere mu nzu.
(4) Icyumba gisukuye gikunze gusaba guhanagura kenshi. Uretse guhanagura n'amazi, hakoreshwa n'amazi yica udukoko, alcool, n'ibindi bintu bishongesha. Ibi bintu bishongesha akenshi bifite imiterere imwe n'imwe ya shimi kandi bituma ubuso bw'ibikoresho bimwe na bimwe buhinduka ibara hanyuma bikagwa. Ibi bigomba gukorwa mbere yo guhanagura n'amazi. Ibikoresho byo gushushanya bifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda imiti.
(5) Icyumba gisukuye cy’ibinyabuzima nk’icyumba cyo kubaga gikunze gushyiraho moteri ya O3 kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gusukura. O3 (ozone) ni umwuka ukomeye ugabanya ubushyuhe wihutisha ubushyuhe n’ubushyuhe bw’ibintu biri mu bidukikije, cyane cyane ibyuma, kandi bigatuma ubuso busanzwe bwo gusiga bushira kandi bugahindura ibara bitewe n’ubushyuhe, bityo ubwo bwoko bw’icyumba gisukuye busaba ibikoresho byacyo byo gushariza kugira ngo kigire ubushobozi bwo kurwanya ubushyuhe.
Ibikoresho byo gushariza ku rukuta:
(1) Kuramba kw'amatafari ya seramike: Amatafari ya seramike ntazacika, ntahindure, cyangwa ngo afate umwanda igihe kirekire nyuma yo kuyashyiraho. Ushobora gukoresha uburyo bworoshye bukurikira kugira ngo umenye: shyira wino inyuma y'igicuruzwa urebe niba wino ikwirakwira mu buryo bwikora. Muri rusange, uko wino ikwirakwira buhoro, niko amazi arushaho kwiyongera, niko ubwiza bw'ibanze burushaho kuba bwiza, kandi niko ibicuruzwa biramba neza. Ahubwo, niko ibicuruzwa biramba nabi.
(2) Plastike irwanya bagiteri ku rukuta: Plastike irwanya bagiteri ku rukuta yakoreshejwe mu byumba bike bisukuye. Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu byumba by'inyongera n'inzira zisukuye n'ibindi bice bifite isuku nke. Plastike irwanya bagiteri ku rukuta ikoresha cyane cyane uburyo bwo gufunga inkuta n'ingingo. Uburyo bwo gufunga inkuta bumeze nk'ubw'urukuta. Kubera ko ifata neza, igihe cyayo ntikira igihe kirekire, yoroshye kuyihindura no kuyibyimba iyo ihuye n'ubushuhe, kandi urwego rwayo rwo kuyishushanya muri rusange ni ruto, kandi ikoreshwa ryayo ni rito cyane.
(3) Udupapuro tw'imitako: Udupapuro tw'imitako, tuzwi cyane nka utw'imitako, dukora hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gushushanya neza imbaho zikomeye mu duti duto dufite ubugari bwa mm 0.2, hakoreshejwe plywood nk'ibikoresho by'ibanze, kandi dukorwa binyuze mu buryo bwo gushushanya bufite imiterere imwe y'imitako.
(4) Ibyuma by'icyuma bikingira umuriro n'ubushyuhe bikoreshwa mu bisenge no mu nkuta bimanitse. Hari ubwoko bubiri bw'ibice by'amasashe by'ubwoya bw'amabuye: ibice by'amasashe by'ubwoya bw'amabuye byakozwe n'imashini n'ibice by'amasashe by'ubwoya bw'amabuye byakozwe n'intoki. Ni ibisanzwe guhitamo ibice by'amasashe by'ubwoya bw'amabuye byakozwe n'imashini ku giciro cyo gushariza.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2024