Inkomoko y'ibice bigabanyijemo ibice bidafite umubiri, ibice kama, nibinyabuzima bizima. Ku mubiri w'umuntu, biroroshye gutera indwara z'ubuhumekero n'ibihaha, kandi birashobora no gutera allergie n'indwara za virusi; kuri chipiki ya silicon, kwishyiriraho ibice byumukungugu bizatera deformasiyo cyangwa umuzunguruko mugufi wumuzunguruko wumuzunguruko, bigatuma chip zitakaza imikorere yazo, bityo kugenzura inkomoko y’umwanda byabaye igice cyingenzi mubuyobozi bwicyumba gisukuye.
Akamaro ko kugenzura ibidukikije by’icyumba gisukuye ni ukureba niba ibidukikije mu buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro byujuje ubuziranenge bw’isuku, ari ingenzi ku nganda nyinshi. Ibikurikira n'akamaro n'uruhare rwihariye rwo kugenzura ibidukikije bisukuye:
1. Menya neza ibicuruzwa byiza
1.1 Irinde umwanda: Mu nganda nka semiconductor, farumasi, nibikoresho byubuvuzi, ibyuka bihumanya bito bishobora gutera ibicuruzwa cyangwa kunanirwa. Mugucunga ubwiza bwikirere hamwe nubunini bwibice mucyumba gisukuye, ibyo bihumanya birashobora gukumirwa neza kubangamira ibicuruzwa.
Usibye gushora ibikoresho byambere byishoramari, kubungabunga no kugenzura isuku yicyumba gisaba kandi "software" nziza -imicungire yimikorere kugirango isuku ibe nziza. Duhereye ku bisubizo byatanzwe mu gishushanyo cyavuzwe haruguru, birashobora kugaragara ko ababikora bafite uruhare runini ku isuku yicyumba gisukuye. Iyo abakoresha binjiye mucyumba gisukuye, umukungugu wiyongera cyane. Iyo hari abantu bagenda inyuma, isuku ihita yangirika. Birashobora kugaragara ko impamvu nyamukuru itera kwangirika kw isuku ari ibintu byabantu.
1.2 Guhuzagurika: Ibidukikije bisukuye bifasha kugumya guhora no gusubiramo inzira yumusaruro, bityo ubwiza bwibicuruzwa buhamye.
Kubijyanye na substrate yikirahure, gufatisha uduce duto twumukungugu bizatera gushushanya hejuru yikirahure, imiyoboro migufi nudusimba, nibindi byiza bitunganijwe neza, bikavamo gusiba. Kubwibyo, kurwanya inkomoko y’umwanda byahindutse igice cyingenzi cyo gucunga ibyumba bisukuye.
Kwinjira mu mukungugu wo hanze no kwirinda
Icyumba gisukuye kigomba gukomeza umuvuduko ukwiye (> 0.5mm / Hg), gukora akazi keza mumushinga wubwubatsi wibanze kugirango hatabaho umwuka, kandi mbere yo kuzana abakozi, ibikoresho, ibikoresho fatizo, ibikoresho, ibikoreshwa, nibindi. mucyumba gisukuye, bagomba gusukurwa no guhanagurwa, nibindi bikorwa byo gukumira ivumbi. Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho byogusukura bigomba gushyirwaho neza bigasimburwa cyangwa bigasukurwa buri gihe.
Gukuramo umukungugu no gukumira mu byumba bisukuye
Guhitamo neza ibikoresho byibyumba bisukuye nkibibaho byigorofa nigorofa, kugenzura ibikoresho bitunganyirizwa, ni ukuvuga kubungabunga no gukora isuku buri gihe, abakozi bakora ntibemerewe gutembera cyangwa gukora umubiri munini aho bari, kandi ingamba zo gukumira nko kongeramo matasi zifatika ni cyafashwe kuri sitasiyo zidasanzwe.
2. Kunoza umusaruro
2.1 Kugabanya igipimo cy’ibisigazwa: Mu kugabanya umwanda n’ibyuka bihumanya mu gihe cy’umusaruro, igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa gishobora kugabanuka, igipimo cy’umusaruro gishobora kwiyongera, bityo umusaruro ukaba ushobora kunozwa.
Kurugero: Hano hari intambwe 600 mubikorwa bya wafer. Niba umusaruro wa buri nzira ari 99%, ni uwuhe musaruro rusange wibikorwa 600? Igisubizo: 0,99 ^ 600 = 0,24%.
Kugirango inzira ishoboke mubukungu, umusaruro wa buri ntambwe ukeneye kuba mwinshi?
• 0,999 ^ 600 = 54.8%
• 0.9999 ^ 600 = 94.2%
Buri musaruro wibikorwa ugomba kugera kuri 99,99% kugirango uhuze umusaruro wanyuma urenga 90%, kandi kwanduza microparticles bizagira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye.
2.2 Kwihutisha inzira: Gukorera ahantu hasukuye birashobora kugabanya isuku bitari ngombwa nigihe cyo gukora, bigatuma umusaruro ukorwa neza.
3. Kugenzura ubuzima n'umutekano by'abakozi
3.1 Ubuzima bwakazi: Kubikorwa bimwe na bimwe bishobora kubyara ibintu byangiza, ibyumba bisukuye birashobora kubuza ibintu byangiza kwanduza ibidukikije no kurengera ubuzima bwabakozi. Kuva iterambere ryabantu, ikoranabuhanga, ibikoresho nubumenyi byateye imbere, ariko ikirere cyasubiye inyuma. Umuntu ahumeka umwuka wa 270.000 M3 mubuzima bwe, kandi amara 70% kugeza 90% kumwanya we. Utuntu duto duhumeka umubiri wumuntu tugashyirwa muburyo bwubuhumekero. Ibice bya 5 kugeza 30um bishyirwa mumazuru, ibice bya 1 kugeza 5um bishyirwa muri trachea na bronchi, naho ibice biri munsi ya 1um bigashyirwa murukuta rwa alveolar.
Abantu bari mucyumba gifite umwuka mwiza udahagije mu gihe kirekire bakunze guhura na "syndrome yo mu nzu", bafite ibimenyetso nko kubabara umutwe, kubabara mu gatuza, n'umunaniro, kandi bakunze no kurwara indwara z'ubuhumekero na nervice. igihugu cyanjye gisanzwe GB / T18883-2002 giteganya ko umwuka mwiza utagomba kuba munsi ya 30m3 / h. umuntu.
Umwuka mwiza wicyumba gisukuye ugomba gufata agaciro ntarengwa kubintu bibiri bikurikira:
a. Igiteranyo cyumuvuduko wumwuka usabwa kugirango wishyure ingano yo mu nzu no kwemeza agaciro keza k’imbere.
b. Menya neza umwuka mwiza usabwa n'abakozi b'icyumba gisukuye. Ukurikije ibyumba bisukuye byerekana neza, umwuka mwiza wumwuka kumuntu kumasaha ntabwo uri munsi ya 40m3.
3.2 Umusaruro utekanye: Mu kugenzura ibipimo by’ibidukikije nk’ubushuhe n’ubushyuhe, hashobora kwirindwa ingaruka z’umutekano nk’isohoka rya electrostatike kugira ngo umutekano ube mwiza.
4. Kuzuza ibisabwa n'amategeko
4.1 Ibipimo byinganda: Inganda nyinshi zifite amahame akomeye yisuku (nka ISO 14644), kandi umusaruro ugomba gukorerwa mubyumba bisukuye byamanota yihariye. Kubahiriza aya mahame ntabwo bisabwa gusa kugenzurwa, ahubwo ni no kwerekana ihiganwa ryibigo.
Kubikorwa byogukora isuku, isuku isukuye, idirishya ryogutwara laminar, ishami ryungurura abafana FFU, imyenda isukuye, imyenda ya laminari, gupima ingofero, ecran isukuye, kwisukura, ibicuruzwa byogeza ikirere, birakenewe guhuza uburyo bwo gupima isuku ibicuruzwa bihari kugirango tunoze kwizerwa kwibicuruzwa.
4.2 Kwemeza no kugenzura: Gutsindira ubugenzuzi bwibindi bigo bishinzwe gutanga ibyemezo no kubona ibyemezo bijyanye (nka GMP, ISO 9001, nibindi) kugirango wizere abakiriya kandi wongere isoko.
5. Guteza imbere udushya twikoranabuhanga
5.1 Inkunga ya R&D: Ibyumba bisukuye bitanga ibidukikije byiza byubushakashatsi kugirango iterambere ryibicuruzwa bihanitse kandi bifashe kwihutisha iterambere ryibicuruzwa bishya.
5.2 Kunoza imikorere: Mubidukikije bigenzurwa cyane, biroroshye kureba no gusesengura ingaruka zimpinduka zikorwa kumikorere yibicuruzwa, bityo bigateza imbere iterambere.
6. Kuzamura ishusho yikimenyetso
6.1 Ubwishingizi bufite ireme: Kugira ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bisukuye birashobora kongera ishusho yikirango no kongera ikizere cyabakiriya mubyiza byibicuruzwa.
6.2 Kurushanwa ku isoko: Ibicuruzwa bishobora gukorerwa ahantu hasukuye bikunze gufatwa nkikimenyetso cyubwiza buhanitse kandi bwizewe, bufasha ibigo guhagarara neza mumarushanwa akomeye ku isoko.
7. Kugabanya amafaranga yo gusana no kubungabunga
7.1 Kongera ibikoresho byubuzima: Ibikoresho byumusaruro nibikoresho bikora mubihe bisukuye ntibishobora kwangirika kwangirika no kwambara, bityo bikongerera igihe cya serivisi kandi bikagabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga no kugiciro.
7.2 Kugabanya gukoresha ingufu: Mugutezimbere igishushanyo mbonera nogucunga ibyumba bisukuye, kunoza imikorere yingufu, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu nigiciro cyo gukora.
Amahame ane yo gucunga ibyumba bisukuye:
1. Ntuzane:
Ikadiri ya hepa muyunguruzi ntishobora gusohoka.
Umuvuduko wateganijwe ugomba kubungabungwa mumazu.
Abakoresha bagomba guhindura imyenda bakinjira mucyumba gisukuye nyuma yo kwiyuhagira.
Ibikoresho byose, ibikoresho, nibikoresho byakoreshejwe bigomba gusukurwa mbere yuko bizanwa.
2. Ntubyare:
Abakozi bagomba kwambara imyenda idafite ivumbi.
Mugabanye ibikorwa bitari ngombwa.
Ntukoreshe ibikoresho byoroshye kubyara umukungugu.
Ibintu bitari ngombwa ntibishobora kuzanwa.
3. Ntukirundanyirize:
Ntabwo hagomba kubaho inguni na mashini bigoye gusukura cyangwa gusukura.
Gerageza kugabanya imiyoboro yumuyaga yagaragaye, imiyoboro y'amazi, nibindi murugo.
Isuku igomba gukorwa ukurikije uburyo busanzwe nibihe byagenwe.
4. Kuraho ako kanya:
Ongera umubare wimihindagurikire yikirere.
Umunaniro hafi yumukungugu utanga igice.
Kunoza imiterere yumuyaga kugirango wirinde umukungugu kwizirika kubicuruzwa.
Muri make, kugenzura ibyumba by’ibidukikije bifite isuku bifite akamaro kanini mu kwemeza ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, kuzamura umusaruro, kurinda ubuzima bw’umutekano n’umutekano, kubahiriza ibisabwa n’amabwiriza, guteza imbere udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, no kuzamura isura y’ibirango. Ibigo bigomba gusuzuma neza ibi bintu mugihe cyo kubaka no kubungabunga ibyumba bisukuye kugirango ibyumba bisukuye bishobore gukenera umusaruro na R&D.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-12-2024