Hano hari amasoko abiri yingenzi yo kwanduza mucyumba cyiza: ibice na mikorobe, bishobora guterwa nibintu byabantu nibidukikije, cyangwa ibikorwa bifitanye isano nabyo. Nubwo imbaraga nziza, kwanduza bizakomeza kwinjira mucyumba cyiza. Abatwara ibintu bisanzwe byanduza harimo imibiri yabantu (selile, umusatsi), ibintu bidukikije nkumukungugu, umwotsi, ibikoresho (ibikoresho byogusukura), hamwe nuburyo budakwiye bwo guhanagura.
Umwikorezi uzwi cyane ni abantu. Ndetse hamwe nimyenda mira ikomeye hamwe nuburyo bufatika bwo gukora, abakoresha bidakwiye batojwe ni iterabwoba rikomeye ryo kwanduza icyumba. Abakozi badakurikiza amabwiriza yicyumba nimpamvu yoroshye. Igihe cyose umukozi umwe akora amakosa cyangwa yibagirwa intambwe, bizaganisha ku cyumba cyose. Isosiyete irashobora kwemeza gusa isuku yicyumba cyizuru mugukurikirana no gukomeza kuvugurura amahugurwa nigipimo cyanduye cya zeru.
Andi masoko manini yo kwanduza nibikoresho nibikoresho. Niba igare cyangwa imashini iri hafi mbere yo kwinjira mu cyumba, bishobora kuzana mikorobe. Akenshi, abakozi ntibazi ko ibikoresho byazigamye bizimya hejuru nkuko bisunitswe mu isuku. Ubuso (harimo amagorofa, inkuta, ibikoresho, nibindi) bigeragezwa bikoreshwa neza birimo ibyapa byateguwe nka Trypticase SOY (TSA) na Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA). TSA ni uburyo bwo gukura bwagenewe bagiteri, kandi SDA ni uburyo bwo gukura bwagenewe ibibumbaro na se. TSA na SDA mubisanzwe bashizwe ku bushyuhe butandukanye, hamwe n'ubushyuhe muri 30-35˚˚ intera, n'ubushyuhe bwo gukura neza kuri bagiteri nyinshi. Urutonde rwa 20-25˚c ni rwiza kuri moderi nyinshi hamwe nimbuga.
Umwuka wahoze utera umwanda, ariko Sisitemu yo mu cyumba cya HVAC yuyu munsi yanduye umwuka mwiza. Umwuka mu cyumba kigenzurwa kandi gikurikiranwa buri gihe (urugero, buri munsi, buri kwezi, buri gihembwe) kubibara, bifite akamaro, ubushyuhe, n'ubushyuhe, n'ubushyuhe. Akayunguruzo ka Hepa gakoreshwa mu kugenzura ibice bibara mu kirere kandi bifite ubushobozi bwo kuyungurura ibice kuri 0.2μm. Ubu buryo busanzwe bukomeza gukora ubudahwema ku gipimo cya kalibrated kugirango ukomeze ubuziranenge mucyumba. Ubushuhe busanzwe bubikwa kurwego rwo hasi kugirango abuze kwiyongera kwa mikorobe nka bagiteri na mold zihitamo ibidukikije byisumba.
Mubyukuri, urwego rwo hejuru kandi isoko rusange yo kwanduza mu cyumba ni umukoresha.
Inkomoko n'inzira yinjira mu kwanduza ntibitandukana cyane n'inganda zikagera ku nganda, ariko hariho itandukaniro riri hagati yinzego zihanganiye kandi zidahungabana. Kurugero, abakora ibinini byihutirwa ntibikeneye kubungabunga urwego rumwe rwisuku nkabakora bafite abakozi batewe inshinge bitangizwa mumubiri wumuntu.
Abakora imiti bafite uburwayi bwo hasi bwanduye microbial kuruta ishyaka ryihangana cyane. Abakora semiconductor bakora ibicuruzwa bya microscopique bidashobora kwemera kwanduza ibintu byose kugirango habeho imikorere yibicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, aya masosiyete ahangayikishijwe gusa nibicuruzwa bigomba guterwa mumubiri wumuntu no gukora kuri chip cyangwa terefone igendanwa. Birahangayikishijwe cyane nubutaka, ibihumyo cyangwa ubundi buryo bwanduye microbial mubwiherero. Ku rundi ruhande, ibigo bya farumasi bihangayikishijwe n'amasoko yose n'uwapfuye yo kwanduza.
Inganda za farumasi zigengwa na FDA kandi zigomba gukurikiza byimazeyo ibikorwa byiza (GMP) kuko ingaruka zo kwanduza mu nganda za farucediasi cyane. Ntabwo abakora ibiyobyabwenge gusa bagomba kwemeza ko ibicuruzwa byabo bitarimo bagiteri, birasabwa kugira inyandiko no gukurikirana byose. Isosiyete ikora ibikoresho byinshi irashobora kohereza mudasobwa igendanwa cyangwa TV igihe cyose inyuze ubugenzuzi bwimbere. Ariko ntabwo byoroshye ku nganda za farumasi, niyo mpamvu ari ngombwa kugirango isosiyete ifite, ikoresha kandi inyandiko yo gukora icyumba cyo gukora icyumba. Kubera ibitekerezo bya sof, ibigo byinshi biha akazi serivisi zogusukura hanze yo gukora serivisi zogusukura.
Isuku yuzuye gahunda y'ibidukikije igomba kubamo uduce tugaragara kandi utagaragara. Nubwo nta cyifuzo cyanduye cyose muri ibi bidukikije bigenzurwa bigaragazwa na mikorobe. Gahunda yo kugenzura ibidukikije igomba kuba irimo urwego rukwiye rwo kumenya imirongo ya bagiteri. Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwo kumenyekanisha bacteri buhari.
Intambwe yambere muranga bagiteri, cyane cyane iyo bigeze mu cyumba cyo kwega, ni uburyo bwa Gram Strain, kuko bushobora gutanga ibimenyetso bisobanutse ku isoko ya kacrobial kwanduza microbial. Niba kwigunga kwa mikorori no kuranga kwerekana cocci-nziza, umwanda ushobora kuba waturutse ku bantu. Niba kwigunga kwa mikorori no kuranga byerekana inkoni nini-nziza, kwanduza bishobora kuba byaturutse mu mukungugu cyangwa kwanduza kwangiza. Niba kwigunga kwa microbial na karangara byerekana inkoni mbi nini, isoko yo kwanduza irashobora kuba yavuye mumazi cyangwa ubuso ubwo aribwo bwose.
Kumenyekanisha mikorobe mu cyumba cya farumasi birakenewe cyane kuko bifitanye isano nibintu byinshi byizewe, nka biosasays mubidukikije; Gupima ibanga ryibicuruzwa byanyuma; ibinyabuzima bitavuzwe mu bicuruzwa n'amazi; Igenzura ryiza rya tekinoroji ya Fermentation mu nganda zi biotenology; no kugenzura microbial kugenzura mugihe cyo kwemeza. Uburyo bwa FDA bwo kwemeza ko bagiteri burashobora kubaho mubidukikije bizarushaho gukomera. Iyo urwego rwa microbial rwanduza urwego rwihariye cyangwa ibisubizo byikizamini byerekana kwanduza, birakenewe kugenzura imikorere yo gusukura no kwanduza abakozi no gukuraho indangagaciro zanduza.
Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gukurikirana icyumba cyabidukikije:
1. Isahani
Aya maryo yihariye yumuco arimo uburyo bwo gukura vuba, bwiteguye kuba hejuru kurenza inkombe yisahani. Igipfukisho c'isahani gikubiyemo ubuso kugira ngo kigire uruhare, kandi mikorobe yo kugaragara hejuru izakurikiza agar ubuso bwa agar na incubate. Ubu buhanga burashobora kwerekana umubare wa mikorobe igaragara hejuru.
2. Uburyo bwa Swab
Ibi ni sterile kandi bibitswe mumazi akwiye. Swab ikoreshwa mubuso bwikizamini na mikorobe yamenyekana no kugarura swab muburyo butandukanye. Swabs ikunze gukoreshwa hejuru cyangwa ahantu bigoye kwigana hamwe nisahani. Gutegura Swab ni ikizamini cyiza.
Igihe cyagenwe: Ukwakira-21-2024