Hamwe no gukoresha icyumba gisukuye, ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye ryarushijeho gukwirakwira, kandi urwego rw'isuku narwo rurimo gutera imbere. Sisitemu nyinshi zo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye zagenze neza binyuze mu gushushanya neza no kubaka neza, ariko zimwe muri sisitemu zo gukonjesha mu cyumba zisukuye zagabanutse cyangwa ndetse zigakurwaho kugira ngo zikonjeshe mu buryo rusange nyuma yo gushushanya no kubaka kuko zidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu isuku. Ibisabwa mu tekiniki n'ubuziranenge bw'inyubako za sisitemu zo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye ni byinshi, kandi ishoramari ni rinini. Iyo binaniranye, bizatera imyanda mu bijyanye n'amafaranga, ibikoresho n'abakozi. Kubwibyo, kugira ngo hakorwe akazi keza muri sisitemu zo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye, uretse ibishushanyo mbonera byiza, hakenewe kandi kubaka mu buryo bwa siyansi bwiza kandi buhanitse.
1. Ibikoresho byo gukora imiyoboro y'umwuka ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi gifasha mu kugenzura isuku y'uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu cyumba.
Guhitamo ibikoresho
Imiyoboro y'umwuka yo mu cyumba gisukuye itunganywa n'icyuma gikonjesha. Impapuro z'icyuma zigomba kuba zifite ubuziranenge, kandi igipimo cya zinc coating kigomba kuba >314g/㎡, kandi igipfundikizo kigomba kuba kimwe, kidakura cyangwa ngo gishire. Ibikoresho byo gupakira, inkingi zo gushimangira, bolts zihuza, oshashers, flanges z'imiyoboro, na rivets byose bigomba kuba bifite galvanized. Flange gaskets zigomba kuba zikozwe muri rubber yoroshye cyangwa sponge ya latex irabagirana, idafite ivumbi, kandi ifite imbaraga runaka. Ubushyuhe bwo hanze bw'umuyoboro bushobora gukorwa mu mbaho za PE zirinda umuriro zifite ubucucike burenze 32K, zigomba gushyirwaho kole yihariye. Ibikoresho bya fibre nk'ubwoya bw'ikirahure ntibigomba gukoreshwa.
Mu gihe cyo kugenzura ibintu, hagomba kwitabwaho ibipimo by'ibikoresho n'uko ibikoresho birangira. Amasahani agomba kandi kugenzurwa niba arambuye, afite impande kare, kandi ko afashe neza. Nyuma y'uko ibikoresho biguzwe, hagomba kandi kwitabwaho kubungabunga ipaki yuzuye mu gihe cyo gutwara kugira ngo hirindwe ubushuhe, ingaruka n'umwanda.
Kubika ibikoresho
Ibikoresho bigenewe icyuma gikonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye bigomba kubikwa mu bubiko bwabigenewe cyangwa mu buryo buri hagati. Aho kubika hagomba kuba hasukuye, hatarimo umwanda, kandi hakirindwa ubushuhe. By'umwihariko, ibice nka valves z'umwuka, imiyoboro y'umwuka, na mufflers bigomba gupfunyikwa neza kandi bikabikwa. Ibikoresho bigenewe icyuma gikonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye bigomba kugabanya igihe cyo kubika mu bubiko kandi bigomba kugurwa uko bikenewe. Amasahani akoreshwa mu gukora imiyoboro y'umwuka agomba kujyanwa aho hantu hose kugira ngo hirindwe umwanda uterwa no gutwara ibice birekuye.
2. Gukora imiyoboro myiza ni byo byonyine bishobora gutuma isuku y'iyi sisitemu yemerwa.
Gutegura mbere yo gukora imiyoboro y'amazi
Imiyoboro y'ibikoresho by'icyumba bisukuye igomba gutunganywa no gukorwa mu cyumba gifunze neza. Inkuta z'icyumba zigomba kuba zoroshye kandi zidafite ivumbi. Hasi hakozwe pulasitiki ikomeye hashobora gushyirwa hasi, kandi imiyoboro iri hagati y'ubutaka n'urukuta igomba gufungwa na kaseti kugira ngo hirindwe ivumbi. Mbere yo gutunganya imiyoboro, icyumba kigomba kuba gisukuye, kidafite ivumbi kandi kidafite umwanda. Gishobora gusukurwa kenshi hakoreshejwe icyuma gisukura nyuma yo gukaraba no gukaraba. Ibikoresho byo gukora imiyoboro bigomba gukaraba n'inzoga cyangwa isabune idahumanya mbere yo kwinjira mu cyumba cy'itunganya. Ntibishoboka kandi ntibikenewe ko ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukora byinjira mu cyumba cy'itunganya, ariko bigomba kuguma bisukuye kandi bidafite ivumbi. Abakozi bitabira umusaruro bagomba kuba bakomeye, kandi abakozi binjira mu itunganya bagomba kwambara ingofero, uturindantoki, n'udupfukamunwa tudafite ivumbi, kandi imyenda y'akazi igomba guhindurwa no kumeswa kenshi. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gukora bigomba gukaraba n'inzoga cyangwa isabune idashonga inshuro ebyiri cyangwa eshatu mbere yo kwinjira mu itunganya kugira ngo bibe bihagaze neza.
Ingingo z'ingenzi zo gukora imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu cyumba gisukuye
Ibikoresho byarangije gutunganywa bigomba kongera gusukurwa mbere yo kwinjira mu gikorwa gikurikira. Gutunganya imiyoboro y'amazi bigomba kwemeza ko ubuso bw'imiyoboro y'amazi buringaniye, ibipimo bigomba kuba ari ukuri, kandi imiyoboro y'amazi igomba guhuza n'imiyoboro kugira ngo ifashe neza iyo imiyoboro ihujwe kandi ihujwe. Nta miyoboro igororotse igomba kuba iri hasi y'imiyoboro y'amazi, kandi imiyoboro y'amazi igomba kwirindwa uko bishoboka kose. Imiyoboro minini igomba gukorwa mu masahani yose uko bishoboka kose, kandi imbavu zo gushimangira zigomba kugabanuka uko bishoboka kose. Niba imbavu zo gushimangira zigomba gutangwa, imbavu zo gukanda n'imbavu zo gushimangira imbere ntizigomba gukoreshwa. Gutunganya imiyoboro y'amazi bigomba gukoresha inguni z'ingingo cyangwa uduce tw'imfuruka uko bishoboka kose, kandi uduce two gukubitana ntitugomba gukoreshwa ku miyoboro isukuye iri hejuru y'urwego rwa 6. Umwanya wa galvanized ku bite, imyobo ya rivet, na welding ya flange bigomba gusanwa kugira ngo birinde ingese. Imyanya iri ku miyoboro y'imiyoboro y'amazi no hafi y'imyobo ya rivet bigomba gufungwa na silicone. Imiyoboro y'amazi igomba kuba iringaniye kandi isa. Ubugari bwa flange, imyobo ya rivet, n'imyobo ya screw ya flange bigomba kuba bihuye neza n'ibipimo. Urukuta rw'imbere rw'umuyoboro mugufi woroshye rugomba kuba rworoshye, kandi uruhu rw'ubukorano cyangwa plastiki muri rusange bishobora gukoreshwa. Agasanduku k'urugi rw'igenzura ry'imiyoboro kagomba kuba gakozwe mu cyuma cyoroshye.
3. Gutwara no gushyiraho imiyoboro y'umwuka isukuye mu cyumba ni ingenzi mu kugira isuku.
Gutegura mbere yo gushyiraho. Mbere yo gushyiraho sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye, gahunda igomba gukorwa hakurikijwe inzira z'ingenzi zo kubaka icyumba gisukuye. Gahunda igomba guhuzwa n'izindi gahunda kandi igashyirwa mu bikorwa hakurikijwe igishushanyo mbonera. Gushyiraho sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye bigomba kubanza gukorwa nyuma y'uko umwuga wo kubaka (harimo no gusiga irangi ku butaka, ku rukuta, hasi), gushyiramo amajwi, hasi hejuru n'ibindi bice birangiye. Mbere yo gushyiraho, rangiza akazi ko gushyira imiyoboro y'amazi no kumanika imbere, kandi wongere usige irangi ku nkuta no hasi byangiritse mu gihe cyo gushyiraho aho kumanika.
Nyuma yo gusukura imbere mu nzu, umuyoboro w'amazi ujyanwamo. Mu gihe cyo gutwara umuyoboro, hagomba kwitabwaho kurinda umutwe, kandi ubuso bw'umuyoboro bugomba gusukurwa mbere yo kwinjira aho hantu.
Abakozi bitabiriye iyi gahunda bagomba kwiyuhagira no kwambara imyenda idafite ivumbi, udupfukamunwa, n'udupfukamunwa tw'inkweto mbere yo kubaka. Ibikoresho, ibikoresho, n'ibice byakoreshejwe bigomba guhanagurwa n'inzoga kandi bigasuzumwa n'impapuro zidafite ivumbi. Iyo bujuje ibisabwa ni bwo bashobora kwinjira aho imirimo y'ubwubatsi ibera.
Guhuza imiyoboro y'umwuka n'ibiyigize bigomba gukorwa mu gihe cyo gufungura umutwe, kandi nta kirahuri cy'amavuta kirimo imbere mu muyoboro w'umwuka. Agakoresho k'umugozi gakwiye kuba ari ibikoresho bigoye gusaza kandi bifite imbaraga zo gukurura, kandi guhuza umugozi mu buryo bugororotse ntibyemewe. Igice gifunguye kigomba gukomeza gufungwa nyuma yo gushyirwaho.
Ubwishingizi bw'imiyoboro y'umwuka bugomba gukorwa nyuma yuko imiyoboro y'umwuka ishyizweho kandi hakagaragazwa neza niba umwuka usohoka. Nyuma yuko ubushyuhe burangiye, icyumba kigomba gusukurwa neza.
4. Kugenzura ko sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu cyumba isukuye itangiye gukoreshwa icyarimwe.
Nyuma yo gushyiraho sisitemu yo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye, icyumba gikonjesha kigomba gusukurwa no gusukurwa. Ibintu byose bidafite akamaro bigomba gukurwaho, kandi irangi riri ku nkuta, ku gisenge no hasi mu cyumba gikonjesha n'icyumba bigomba gusuzumwa neza kugira ngo birebe niba byangiritse cyangwa bisana. Suzuma witonze sisitemu yo kuyungurura ibikoresho. Ku mpera ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha, aho umwuka usohoka hashobora gushyirwa (sisitemu ifite isuku ya ISO 6 cyangwa irenga ishobora gushyirwaho na hepa filters). Suzuma witonze sisitemu y'amashanyarazi, sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora, na sisitemu yo gutanga amashanyarazi. Nyuma yo kwemeza ko buri sisitemu ikora neza, ikizamini gishobora gukorwa.
Tegura gahunda irambuye yo gukora ikizamini, tegura abakozi bitabiriye ikizamini, kandi utegure ibikoresho, ibikoresho n'ibikoresho byo gupima bikenewe.
Igeragezwa rigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe gahunda y’ubwubatsi n’ubuyobozi bw’ubwubatsi. Mu gihe cy’igeragezwa, akayunguruzo k’umwuka mushya kagomba gusimburwa buri masaha 2, kandi impera irimo akayunguruzo ka hepa kagasimburwa kandi kagasukurwa buri gihe, muri rusange rimwe mu masaha 4. Igikorwa cy’igerageza kigomba gukorwa buri gihe, kandi imiterere y’igikorwa ishobora kumvikana uhereye kuri sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora. Amakuru ya buri cyumba gikonjesha n’icyumba cy’ibikoresho, hamwe n’ivugurura bishyirwa mu bikorwa binyuze muri sisitemu yo kugenzura yikora. Igihe cyo gutanga umwuka mu cyumba gisukuye kigomba kubahiriza igihe cyagenwe mu bisobanuro.
Nyuma y’igikorwa cy’igerageza, sisitemu ishobora kugeragezwa kugira ngo irebe ibimenyetso bitandukanye nyuma yo kugera ku buziranenge. Ibipimo by’igerageza birimo ingano y’umwuka (umuvuduko w’umwuka), itandukaniro ry’umuvuduko udahinduka, gusohoka kwa filter y’umwuka, urwego rw’isuku y’umwuka wo mu nzu, bagiteri zireremba mu nzu n’iziterwa n’amazi, ubushyuhe n’ubushuhe bw’umwuka, imiterere y’umwuka wo mu nzu, urusaku rwo mu nzu n’ibindi bimenyetso, kandi bishobora no gukorwa hakurikijwe urwego rw’isuku cyangwa ibisabwa ku rwego hakurikijwe imiterere y’iyemewe.
Muri make, kugira ngo hubakwe uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye, hagomba gukorwa uburyo buhamye bwo kugura ibikoresho no kugenzura neza inzira nta mukungugu. Hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo butandukanye bwo kubaka uburyo bwo gukonjesha mu cyumba gisukuye, kongera ubumenyi n'ubuziranenge bw'abakozi b'ubwubatsi, no gutegura ibikoresho n'ibikoresho by'ubwoko bwose.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 27 Gashyantare 2025