Mu nganda zimwe na zimwe, nko mu buvuzi bw’imiti, mu nganda z’ibiribwa, n’izindi, hakenewe ikoreshwa n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’amatara ya ultraviolet. Mu gushushanya amatara y’icyumba gisukuye, ikintu kimwe kidashobora kwirengagizwa ni ukureba niba ugomba gushyiraho amatara ya ultraviolet. Gusukura ultraviolet ni ugusukura ultraviolet hejuru. Ntigira uburozi, ntabwo igira uburozi kandi nta bisigazwa igira mu gihe cyo gusukura ultraviolet. Ihendutse, yoroshye kandi yoroshye, bityo ifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuyikoresha. Ishobora gukoreshwa mu byumba bidafite uburozi, mu byumba by’inyamaswa na laboratwari zigomba gusukurwa ultraviolet mu nganda zikora imiti, no mu nganda zikora imiti n’ibiribwa; Ku bijyanye n’ubuvuzi n’ubuzima, ishobora gukoreshwa mu byumba byo kubaga, mu byumba byihariye n’ibindi bihe. Ishobora kugenwa hakurikijwe ibyo nyirayo akeneye niba agomba gushyiraho amatara ya ultraviolet.
1. Ugereranyije n'ubundi buryo nko gukingira ubushyuhe, gukingira ozone, gukingira imirasire, no gukingira imiti, gukingira imirasire ya ultraviolet bifite ibyiza byabyo:
a. Imirasire ya ultraviolet igira ingaruka ku bwoko bwose bwa bagiteri kandi ni uburyo bwo gupima indwara mu buryo bwagutse.
b. Nta ngaruka bigira ku kintu cyo guciraho urubyaro (ikintu kigomba gutwikirwa).
c. Ishobora gusukurwa buri gihe kandi ishobora no gusukurwa imbere y'abakozi.
d. Ishoramari rike ry'ibikoresho, ikiguzi gito cyo gukoresha, kandi byoroshye gukoresha.
2. Ingaruka z'urumuri rwa ultraviolet zirwanya bagiteri:
Bagiteri ni ubwoko bw'udukoko. Udukoko tugizwe n'udukoko tugizwe n'aside nyukiliya. Nyuma yo gukurura ingufu z'imirasire ya ultraviolet, aside nyukiliya zitera kwangirika kwa fotokemikali, bityo zikica udukoko. Umucyo wa ultraviolet ni umuraba utagaragara wa electromagnetic ufite uburebure bw'uburebure bugufi kurusha urumuri rwa violet rugaragara, ufite uburebure bw'uburebure bwa 136 ~ 390 nm. Muri yo, imirasire ya ultraviolet ifite uburebure bw'uburebure bwa 253.7 nm irwanya bagiteri cyane. Amatara arwanya bagiteri ashingiye kuri ibi kandi agakora imirasire ya ultraviolet ya 253.7 nm. Ubunini bw'uburebure ntarengwa bwa aside nyukiliya ni 250 ~ 260 nm, bityo amatara arwanya bagiteri ya ultraviolet agira ingaruka zimwe na zimwe ku kwica bagiteri. Ariko, ubushobozi bw'imirasire ya ultraviolet ku bintu byinshi ni buke cyane, kandi ishobora gukoreshwa gusa mu gusukura ubuso bw'ibintu, kandi nta ngaruka zo gusukura ibice bitagaragara. Kugira ngo ibikoresho n'ibindi bikoresho bisukurwe, ibice byose byo hejuru, hasi, ibumoso n'iburyo bigomba gusigwa imirasire, kandi ingaruka zo gusukurwa n'imirasire ya ultraviolet ntizishobora kugumaho igihe kirekire, bityo gusukurwa bigomba gukorwa buri gihe hakurikijwe uko ibintu bimeze.
3. Ingufu zitanga urumuri n'ingaruka zo kuvura indwara:
Ubushobozi bwo gusohora imirasire buratandukana bitewe n'ubushyuhe, ubushuhe, umuvuduko w'umuyaga n'ibindi bintu by'ibidukikije bikoreshwamo. Iyo ubushyuhe buri hasi, ubushobozi bwo gusohora nabwo buragabanuka. Uko ubushuhe bwiyongera, ingaruka zabwo zo gutwika na zo ziragabanuka. Amatara ya UV asanzwe akozwe hashingiwe ku bushuhe buri hafi ya 60%. Iyo ubushuhe bwo mu nzu bwiyongera, ingano y'imirasire nayo igomba kwiyongera bitewe nuko ingaruka zo gutwika zigabanuka. Urugero, iyo ubushuhe buri 70%, 80%, na 90%, kugira ngo hagerwe ku ngaruka imwe yo gutwika, ingano y'imirasire igomba kongerwaho 50%, 80%, na 90%. Umuvuduko w'umuyaga na wo ugira ingaruka ku bushobozi bwo gutwika. Byongeye kandi, kubera ko ingaruka zo kwica bagiteri z'urumuri rwa ultraviolet zitandukanye bitewe n'ubwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri, ingano y'imirasire ya ultraviolet igomba gutandukana ku bwoko butandukanye bwa bagiteri. Urugero, ingano y'imirasire ikoreshwa mu kwica ibihumyo ni inshuro 40 kugeza kuri 50 kuruta iyo ikoreshwa mu kwica bagiteri. Kubwibyo, iyo urebye ingaruka zo gukaraba amatara ya ultraviolet germicides, ingaruka z'uburebure bwo gushyiraho ntizishobora kwirengagizwa. Imbaraga zo gukaraba amatara ya ultraviolet zigenda zishira uko igihe kigenda gihita. Imbaraga zo gusohora za 100b zifatwa nk'imbaraga zigenwe, kandi igihe cyo gukoresha itara rya ultraviolet kigera kuri 70% by'imbaraga zigenwe gifatwa nk'ubuzima busanzwe. Iyo igihe cyo gukoresha itara rya ultraviolet kirenze igihe gisanzwe, ingaruka zitezwe ntizishobora kugerwaho kandi zigomba gusimburwa muri iki gihe. Muri rusange, igihe mpuzandengo cy'igihe cy'amatara ya ultraviolet yo mu rugo ni amasaha 2000. Ingaruka zo gukaraba amatara ya ultraviolet germicides zigenwa n'ingano y'imirasire yayo (ingano y'imirasire y'amatara ya ultraviolet germicides ishobora kandi kwitwa ingano y'umurongo wo gukaraba), kandi ingano y'imirasire ihora ingana n'imbaraga z'imirasire zikubye igihe cy'imirasire, bityo bigomba kwiyongera ingaruka z'imirasire, ni ngombwa kongera imbaraga z'imirasire cyangwa kongera igihe cy'imirasire.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 13 Nzeri 2023