Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi nibice byingenzi bigize ibyumba bisukuye kandi ni ibikoresho byingenzi byingufu rusange ningirakamaro kubikorwa bisanzwe n'umutekano byubwoko bwose bwicyumba gisukuye.
Ibyumba bisukuye nibicuruzwa byiterambere ryubumenyi nubuhanga bugezweho. Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubumenyi nubuhanga, tekinolojiya mishya, inzira nshya, nibicuruzwa bishya bigenda bigaragara, kandi ibicuruzwa bigenda byiyongera umunsi kumunsi, ibyo bikaba bitanga ibisabwa byinshi kandi bikomeye kugirango isuku yikirere. Kugeza ubu, ibyumba bisukuye byakoreshejwe cyane mu gukora no gukora ubushakashatsi ku bicuruzwa buhanga buhanitse nka elegitoroniki, ibinyabuzima, ibinyabuzima byo mu kirere, ndetse n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa neza. Isuku yumwuka wicyumba gisukuye igira ingaruka zikomeye kumiterere yibicuruzwa bisabwa. Kubwibyo, imikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu yo guhumeka neza igomba gukomeza. Byumvikane ko igipimo cy’ibicuruzwa byakozwe mu isuku y’ikirere gishobora kwiyongeraho 10% kugeza 30%. Iyo habaye umuriro w'amashanyarazi, umwuka wo mu nzu uzahumanya bidatinze, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku bwiza bw'ibicuruzwa.
Ibyumba bisukuye ni imibiri ifunze hamwe nishoramari rinini nigiciro cyibicuruzwa byinshi, kandi bisaba imikorere ihoraho, itekanye kandi ihamye. Umuriro w'amashanyarazi mu bigo by'amashanyarazi mu cyumba gisukuye bizatera guhagarika umwuka, umwuka mwiza mu cyumba ntushobora kuzuzwa, kandi imyuka yangiza ntishobora gusohoka, bikaba byangiza ubuzima bw'abakozi. Ndetse n’umuriro w'amashanyarazi mugihe gito uzatera ihagarikwa ryigihe gito, bizatera igihombo kinini mubukungu. Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ibyangombwa byihariye byo gutanga amashanyarazi mucyumba gisukuye mubisanzwe bifite ibikoresho bidahagarara (UPS). Ibyo bita ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bifite ibisabwa byihariye byo gutanga amashanyarazi ahanini bivuga ibidashobora kuba byujuje ibisabwa kabone niyo byakoresha uburyo bwihuse bwo gutanga amashanyarazi cyangwa uburyo bwihutirwa bwo gutangira bwihuse bwa moteri ya mazutu; ibidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa hamwe na voltage rusange ihindura hamwe nibikoresho bihoraho; sisitemu yo kugenzura igihe nyacyo hamwe na sisitemu yo gukurikirana imiyoboro y'itumanaho, nibindi. Mu myaka yashize, umuriro w'amashanyarazi wagaragaye kenshi mu byumba bimwe bisukuye mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo kubera inkuba ndetse no guhindura amashanyarazi ako kanya mu mutwaro w'amashanyarazi y'ibanze, bikaviramo igihombo kinini mu bukungu. Impamvu ntabwo ari amashanyarazi nyamukuru, ahubwo ni umuriro w'amashanyarazi. Amatara yamashanyarazi nayo ni ngombwa mugushushanya ibyumba bisukuye. Ukurikije imiterere yuburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byo mucyumba gisukuye, ibyumba bisukuye muri rusange bikora imirimo igaragara neza, bisaba urumuri rwinshi kandi rumurika neza. Kugirango tubone urumuri rwiza kandi ruhamye, usibye gukemura urukurikirane rwibibazo nkuburyo bwo kumurika, isoko yumucyo, no kumurika, ni ngombwa kwemeza ko amashanyarazi yizewe kandi ahamye; bitewe nubushyuhe bwicyumba gisukuye, icyumba gisukuye ntigisaba amashanyarazi gusa. Gukomeza no gutuza kumuri bituma ibikorwa byibyumba bisukuye byizewe kandi byizewe hamwe no kwimura abakozi neza mugihe habaye ikibazo cyihutirwa. Amatara yinyuma, amatara yihutirwa, hamwe n’itara ryimuka nabyo bigomba gutangwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza.
Ibyumba bigezweho byubuhanga buhanitse, bigaragazwa nibyumba bisukuye kugirango bikore ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki, harimo ibyumba bisukuye byo gukora ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, biomedicine, icyogajuru, imashini zisobanutse, imiti myiza nibindi bicuruzwa, ntibisaba gusa ibisabwa byogusukura ikirere gikabije, ariko bisaba kandi ibyumba bisukuye bifite ahantu hanini, ahantu hanini, no mu ntera nini, ibyumba byinshi bisukuye bifata ibyuma. Igikorwa cyo gukora ibicuruzwa byo mucyumba gisukuye kiragoye kandi gikora amasaha yose. Uburyo bwinshi bwo gukora ibicuruzwa busaba gukoresha ubwoko bwinshi bwibintu bifite isuku nyinshi, bimwe muribi ni imyuka yaka umuriro, iturika nuburozi cyangwa imiti: Imiyoboro yumwuka wa sisitemu yo guhumeka ikirere mucyumba gisukuye, imyuka isohoka hamwe nu mwuka. y'ibikoresho byo kubyaza umusaruro, hamwe na gazi zitandukanye hamwe n'umuyoboro w'amazi urahuzagurika. Umuriro umaze kubaho, bazanyura muburyo butandukanye bwimiyoboro ikwirakwizwa vuba. Muri icyo gihe, kubera ubukana bw'icyumba gisukuye, ubushyuhe butangwa ntibworoshye gukwirakwira, kandi umuriro uzakwira vuba, bigatuma umuriro ukura vuba. Ibyumba byubuhanga buhanitse bisukuye mubusanzwe bifite ibikoresho byinshi nibikoresho bihenze cyane. Byongeye kandi, bitewe nibisabwa kugira isuku yabantu nibintu, ibice rusange ahantu hasukuye birababaje kandi bigoye kwimuka. Kubwibyo, iboneza ryukuri ryibikorwa byo kurinda umutekano mubyumba bisukuye byarushijeho kwitabwaho mugushushanya, kubaka no gukora ibyumba bisukuye. Nibintu byubaka abafite ibyumba bisukuye bagomba kwitondera.
Kugirango harebwe niba ibisabwa bigenzurwa n’ibidukikije bisukuye mu cyumba gisukuye, hagomba gushyirwaho uburyo bwo kugenzura mudasobwa yagabanijwe cyangwa sisitemu yo kugenzura mu buryo bwikora kugira ngo igenzure ibipimo bitandukanye by’ingufu n’ingufu za sisitemu yo guhumeka ikirere, amashanyarazi rusange n’ibindi bitandukanye sisitemu yo gutanga ibikoresho byinshi. Ibikoreshwa, nibindi birerekanwa, bigahinduka kandi bikagenzurwa kugirango byuzuze ibisabwa bikenewe mubikorwa byo gutunganya ibyumba bisukuye kugirango habeho umusaruro, kandi icyarimwe bigere ku musaruro wibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge n'ubwinshi hamwe no gukoresha ingufu nke (ingufu) kuzigama) bishoboka.
Ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi nyamukuru bikubiyemo: ibikoresho byo guhindura no gukwirakwiza ibikoresho, kugarura ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi, gutanga amashanyarazi adahagarara (UPS), ibikoresho bihindura hamwe na frequency hamwe no gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza sisitemu zikomeye zigezweho; ibikoresho bya terefone, ibikoresho byo gutangaza, ibikoresho byo gutabaza umutekano, nibindi bya sisitemu yumutekano. Ibikoresho byo gukumira ibiza, ibikoresho byo kugenzura hagati, sisitemu yo guhuza insinga hamwe na sisitemu yo kumurika. Abashushanya amashanyarazi mubyumba bisukuye, bakoresheje ikoranabuhanga rigezweho ryamashanyarazi, tekinoroji igezweho yubuhanga nubuhanga bwogukurikirana mudasobwa, ntibishobora gutanga gusa imbaraga zihoraho kandi zizewe mubyumba bisukuye, ariko kandi bitanga amahirwe yo gukora, gutegeka, kohereza no kugenzura isuku yikora. ibyumba. Kwizirika neza birasabwa gukora neza kugirango ibikoresho bisanzwe bibyara ibikoresho nibikoresho bifasha mucyumba gisukuye, birinde ibiza bitandukanye kubaho kandi bitange umusaruro mwiza n’ibidukikije bikora.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-30-2023