NI IZIHE MPAMVU Z'ISUKURU RIDAKWIYE MU CYUMBA CY'ISUKU?

Kuva yashyirwa ahagaragara mu 1992, "Uburyo bwiza bwo gukora imiti" (GMP) mu nganda z'imiti zo mu Bushinwa bwagiye bwemerwa, bwemerwa, kandi bushyirwa mu bikorwa n'ibigo bikora imiti. GMP ni politiki y'igihugu ku bigo, kandi ibigo bitujuje ibisabwa mu gihe cyagenwe bizahagarika gukora.

Ingingo y'ingenzi y'icyemezo cya GMP ni ukugenzura imicungire y'ubuziranenge bw'umusaruro w'imiti. Ibikubiye muri cyo bishobora kugabanywa mu bice bibiri: imicungire ya porogaramu n'ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Inyubako y'icyumba gisukuye ni kimwe mu bice by'ingenzi by'ishoramari mu bikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga. Nyuma yo kurangiza inyubako y'icyumba gisukuye, niba ishobora kugera ku ntego z'igishushanyo mbonera no kuzuza ibisabwa na GMP bigomba kwemezwa binyuze mu igeragezwa.

Mu igenzura ry’icyumba gisukuye, bamwe muri bo bananiwe igenzura ry’isuku, bamwe bari abo mu ruganda, abandi bari umushinga wose. Iyo igenzura ritakurikije ibisabwa, nubwo impande zombi zageze ku bisabwa binyuze mu gukosora, gukosora amakosa, gusukura, nibindi, akenshi bipfusha ubusa abakozi benshi n’ibikoresho, bigatinza igihe cyo kubaka, kandi bigatinza inzira yo kwemeza GMP. Impamvu zimwe na zimwe n’inenge zishobora kwirindwa mbere yo gupimwa. Mu kazi kacu, twasanze impamvu nyamukuru n’ingamba zo kunoza isuku idafite ishingiro n’igabanuka rya GMP zirimo:

1. Igishushanyo mbonera cy’ubuhanga kidasobanutse

Iki kintu gikunze kubaho gake cyane, cyane cyane mu kubaka ibyumba bito bisukuye bifite isuku nke. Irushanwa mu byumba bisukuye riracyakomeye cyane ubu, kandi amwe mu mashami y’ubwubatsi yatanze ibiciro bike mu biciro byayo kugira ngo umushinga uboneke. Mu cyiciro cya nyuma cy’ubwubatsi, amwe mu mashami yakoreshejwe mu guca intege no gukoresha amamashini akoresha umwuka ushyushye n’umwuka uhumeka bitewe n’ubumenyi buke, bigatuma amashanyarazi adahuye n’aho akorera n’aho akorera hasukuye, bigatuma habaho isuku idasanzwe. Indi mpamvu ni uko umukoresha yongeyeho ibisabwa bishya n’ahantu hasukuye nyuma yo gutangira igishushanyo mbonera no kubaka, ibyo bizatuma igishushanyo mbonera cy’umwimerere kidashobora kuzuza ibisabwa. Iki kibazo kitoroshye kugikosora kandi kigomba kwirindwa mu gihe cy’igenamigambi ry’ubuhanga.

2. Gusimbuza ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi

Mu ikoreshwa rya filtre za hepa mu byumba bisukuye, igihugu giteganya ko mu gusukura umwuka bifite isuku iri ku kigero cya 100000 cyangwa irenga, hagomba gukoreshwa filtre eshatu z’ibanze, iz’ubugari, n’iz’ubugari. Mu gihe cyo kwemeza, byagaragaye ko umushinga munini w’icyumba gisukuye wakoresheje filtre y’umwuka ya sub hepa kugira ngo usimbuze filtre y’umwuka ya hepa ku kigero cya 10000, bigatuma habaho isuku idafite ishingiro. Amaherezo, filtre ifite imikorere myiza yasimbuwe kugira ngo ihuze n’ibisabwa by’icyemezo cya GMP.

3. Gufunga nabi umuyoboro w'umwuka cyangwa akayunguruzo

Iki kintu giterwa n’ubwubatsi budasobanutse neza, kandi mu gihe cyo kwakira, bishobora kugaragara ko icyumba runaka cyangwa igice kimwe cy’iyi sisitemu kidakwiye. Uburyo bwo kunoza ni ugukoresha uburyo bwo gupima imyanda ku muyoboro w’umwuka, maze akayunguruzo gakoresha agakoresho ko gusuzuma ibice by’amazi, gufunga kole, no gushyiraho icyuma gishyiraho akayunguruzo, kumenya aho imyanda iva, no kugafunga neza.

4. Imiterere mibi n'imikorere mibi y'imiyoboro y'umwuka igarura umwuka cyangwa imiyoboro y'umwuka

Ku bijyanye n'impamvu z'igishushanyo mbonera, rimwe na rimwe bitewe n'umwanya muto, gukoresha "imyobo yo kugarura umwuka hejuru" cyangwa umubare uhagije w'imyobo igarura umwuka ntibishoboka. Nyuma yo gukuraho impamvu z'igishushanyo mbonera, gukosora imyobo igarura umwuka nabyo ni ingenzi mu bwubatsi. Iyo gukosora atari byiza, imbaraga z'imyobo igarura umwuka ziba nyinshi cyane, kandi ingano y'umwuka igarura ikaba iri munsi y'ingano y'umwuka isohoka, bizanatera isuku idafite ishingiro. Byongeye kandi, uburebure bw'imyobo isohoka iva hasi mu gihe cyo kubaka nabyo bigira ingaruka ku isuku.

5. Igihe gito cyo kwisukura ku buryo bwo gusukura icyumba mu gihe cyo kugerageza

Dukurikije amahame y’igihugu, ikizamini kigomba gutangira iminota 30 nyuma y’uko sisitemu yo gusukura ikora neza. Iyo igihe cyo kuyikoresha ari gito cyane, bishobora no gutera isuku idafite ishingiro. Muri iki gihe, birahagije kongera igihe cyo kuyikoresha neza.

6. Sisitemu yo gusukura umwuka ushyushye ntiyasukuwe neza

Mu gihe cy'ubwubatsi, sisitemu yose yo gusukura umwuka ushyushye, cyane cyane imiyoboro y'umwuka ijyana n'iy'umwuka, ntirangira icyarimwe, kandi abakozi b'ubwubatsi n'ibidukikije bishobora guteza umwanda ku miyoboro y'umwuka n'amafiltre. Iyo bidasukuwe neza, bigira ingaruka zitaziguye ku bisubizo by'ibizamini. Ingamba zo kunoza ni ugusukura mu gihe cyo kubaka, kandi nyuma y'uko igice cyabanje cyo gushyiraho imiyoboro gisukuwe neza, icyuma cya pulasitiki gishobora gukoreshwa mu kugifunga kugira ngo hirindwe umwanda uterwa n'ibidukikije.

7. Ahantu ho gukorera isuku hatarasukurwa neza

Nta gushidikanya ko ahantu hasukuye hagomba gusukurwa neza mbere yuko isuzuma ritangira. Saba abakozi ba nyuma guhanagura kwambara imyenda isukuye yo gusukura kugira ngo hakurweho umwanda uterwa n'umubiri w'umuntu ukora isuku. Ibintu byo gusukura bishobora kuba amazi yo mu robine, amazi meza, imiti ihumanya ikirere, isabune idafite aho ibogamiye, nibindi. Ku bafite ibisabwa mu kurwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere, guhanagura neza n'igitambaro cyinjijwe mu mazi arwanya imihindagurikire y'ikirere.