Ibyumba bisukuye byitwa kandi ibyumba bitagira ivumbi. Bikoreshwa mu gusohora imyanda nk'uduce tw'umukungugu, umwuka wangiza, na bagiteri mu kirere mu mwanya runaka, no kugenzura ubushyuhe bw'inzu, isuku, umuvuduko w'umwuka mu nzu, umuvuduko w'umwuka n'ikwirakwira ry'umwuka, urusaku ruhindagurika, amatara, n'amashanyarazi adahindagurika mu rugero runaka. Ibi bikurikira ahanini bivuga ibintu bine bikenewe kugira ngo hagerwe ku bisabwa mu isuku mu ngamba zo gusukura icyumba gisukuye.
1. Isuku y'umwuka uturuka ku isuku
Kugira ngo isuku y’umwuka igerweho ibisabwa, icy'ingenzi ni imikorere n'ishyirwaho ry'akayunguruzo ka nyuma k'uburyo bwo gusukura. Akayunguruzo ka nyuma k'uburyo bwo gusukura icyumba gisukuye muri rusange gakoresha akayunguruzo ka hepa cyangwa akayunguruzo ka sub-hepa. Dukurikije amahame y'igihugu, imikorere myiza ya akayunguruzo ka hepa igabanyijemo ibyiciro bine: Icyiciro cya A ni ≥99.9%, Icyiciro cya B ni ≥99.99%, Icyiciro cya C ni ≥99.999%, Icyiciro cya D ni (ku bice ≥0.1μm) ≥99.999% (bizwi kandi nka akayunguruzo ka ultra-hepa); akayunguruzo ka sub-hepa ni (ku bice ≥0.5μm) 95~99.9%.
2. Imiterere y'ikirere
Imiterere y'umwuka mu cyumba gisukuye itandukanye n'iy'icyumba gisanzwe gifite umwuka ushyushye. Bisaba ko umwuka usukuye cyane ubanza kugezwa mu cyumba gikorerwamo. Inshingano yawo ni ukugabanya no kugabanya ubwandu bw'ibintu byatunganyijwe. Amashyirahamwe atandukanye akoresha umwuka afite imiterere n'ibipimo byayo: Uburyo bwo guhumeka buhagaze: Byombi bishobora kubona umwuka umanuka uhuye, byoroshya imiterere y'ibikoresho, bifite ubushobozi bwo kwisukura, kandi bishobora koroshya ibikoresho bisanzwe nko mu byumba bisukuye. Uburyo bune bwo gutanga umwuka bufite ibyiza n'ibibi byabwo: ibyuma bisukura byuzuye bifite ibyiza byo kudakomera no gusimbuza ibyuma bisukura igihe kirekire, ariko imiterere y'igisenge ni igoye kandi ikiguzi ni kinini; ibyiza n'ibibi byo gutanga icyuma gisukura byuzuye ku ruhande no gutanga icyuma gisukura byuzuye bitandukanye n'ibyo gutanga icyuma gisukura byuzuye ku ruhande. Muri byo, gutanga icyuma gisukura byuzuye bishobora gutera ivumbi ku buso bw'imbere bw'icyuma gisukura iyo sisitemu idakora buri gihe, kandi kubungabunga nabi bizagira ingaruka ku isuku; Gutanga umwuka ucucitse bisaba urwego rwo kuvanga, bityo bibereye gusa ibyumba birebire bisukuye birenga metero 4, kandi imiterere yabyo isa n'iyo gutanga umwuka hejuru y'isahani yuzuye; uburyo bwo kugarura umwuka ku masahani afite grilles ku mpande zombi n'aho umwuka ugaruka uherereye hasi ku nkuta ku mpande zombi bukwiriye gusa ibyumba bisukuye bifite intera iri munsi ya metero 6 ku mpande zombi; aho umwuka ugaruka hasi ku rukuta rw'uruhande rumwe hakwiriye gusa ibyumba bisukuye bifite intera nto hagati y'inkuta (nka ≤2 ~ 3m). Urujya n'uruza rw'amazi rugana mu cyerekezo kimwe: niho gusa igice cya mbere cyo gukoreramo kigera ku isuku y'urwego 100. Iyo umwuka ugeze ku rundi ruhande, ivumbi ryiyongera buhoro buhoro. Kubwibyo, bibereye gusa ibyumba bisukuye bifite ibisabwa bitandukanye by'isuku kuri gahunda imwe. Gukwirakwiza hepa filters ku rukuta rw'umwuka bishobora kugabanya ikoreshwa rya hepa filters no kuzigama ishoramari rya mbere, ariko hari imiyoboro mu duce duto. Umuyaga utemba: Imiterere yo gutanga hejuru y'isahani z'imbere n'aho gutanga hejuru y'ibikoresho bicucitse ni bimwe n'ibyavuzwe haruguru. Ibyiza byo kugeza ku ruhande ni uko imiyoboro y'amazi yoroshye kuyitunganya, nta buryo bwo kuyihuza n'ikoranabuhanga, igiciro gito, kandi bifasha kuvugurura inganda zishaje. Ingaruka mbi ni uko umuvuduko w'umuyaga mu gice cy'akazi ari munini, kandi ivumbi ryinshi ku ruhande rw'umuyaga uri hasi riri hejuru ugereranije n'iry'uruhande rw'umuyaga uri hejuru. Gutanga ahantu henshi hasukura hepa bifite ibyiza byo gukoresha sisitemu yoroshye, nta miyoboro iri inyuma ya hepa filter, kandi umwuka mwiza ugera ahantu hasukuye, ariko umwuka mwiza ugenda buhoro buhoro kandi umwuka uri aho ukorera uba umwe. Ariko, iyo hari ahantu henshi hasukura hepa hateguwe neza cyangwa hagakoreshwa ahantu hasukura hepa hakoresheje diffusers, umwuka uri aho ukorera nawo ushobora gukorwa umwe. Ariko, iyo sisitemu idakora buri gihe, diffuser ikunda kwirundanya ivumbi.
3. Ingano y'umwuka cyangwa umuvuduko w'umwuka
Ingano ihagije y'umwuka uhumeka ni ukugabanya no gukuraho umwuka wanduye mu nzu. Dukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye by'isuku, iyo uburebure bw'icyumba gisukuye buri hejuru, inshuro zo guhumeka zigomba kongerwa uko bikwiye. Muri byo, ingano y'umwuka uhumeka mu cyumba gisukuye cya miliyoni 1 ifatwa hakurikijwe sisitemu yo gusukura neza, naho izindi zifatwa hakurikijwe sisitemu yo gusukura neza; iyo filter za hepa zo mu cyumba gisukuye cya 100.000 zishyizwe mu cyumba cy'imashini cyangwa filter za sub-hepa zikoreshejwe ku mpera ya sisitemu, inshuro zo guhumeka zishobora kongerwaho 10% kugeza kuri 20%.
4. Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko uhoraho
Gukomeza kugira igitutu runaka cyiza mu cyumba gisukuye ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi kugira ngo icyumba gisukuye kidahumanye cyangwa gito kugira ngo gikomeze kugira isuku yagenwe. Ndetse no ku cyumba gisukuye gifite igitutu kibi, kigomba kugira icyumba cyegeranye gifite igipimo cy'isuku kitari munsi y'urwego rwacyo kugira ngo gikomeze kugira igitutu runaka cyiza, kugira ngo isuku y'icyumba gisukuye gifite igitutu kibi ibashe gukomeza. Igipimo cyiza cy'igitutu cy'icyumba gisukuye yerekeza ku giciro iyo igitutu cyo mu nzu kiruta igitutu cyo hanze iyo inzugi n'amadirishya byose bifunze. Bigerwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo ingano y'umwuka wo mu buryo bwo gusukura iruta ingano y'umwuka ugaruka n'ingano y'umwuka usohoka. Kugira ngo harebwe agaciro k'igitutu cyiza cy'icyumba gisukuye, ni byiza guhuza umwuka usohoka, umwuka ugaruka n'amashanyarazi. Iyo sisitemu ifunguye, umufana utanga ibikoresho abanza gutangizwa, hanyuma umufana usubiza ibikoresho n'amashanyarazi bigatangizwa; iyo sisitemu izimye, umufana usohora ibikoresho abanza kuzimwa, hanyuma umufana usubiza ibikoresho n'amashanyarazi bigazimwa kugira ngo hirindwe ko icyumba gisukuye cyanduzwa iyo sisitemu ifunguye kandi izimye. Ingano y'umwuka ikenewe kugira ngo icyumba gisukure gikomeze kuba cyiza iterwa ahanini n'uburyo inyubako yo kubungabunga ikomeza kuba nziza. Mu ntangiriro z'inyubako z'ibyumba bisukuye mu Bushinwa, bitewe n'uburyo inyubako yo mu gikari ikomeje kuba mbi, byasabye inshuro 2 ~ 6 z'umwuka kugira ngo igitutu cyiza cya ≥ 5Pa kigumane; ubu, uburyo inyubako yo kubungabunga ikomeza kuba nziza bwarushijeho kuba bwiza cyane, kandi bisaba inshuro 1 ~ 2 gusa z'umwuka kugira ngo igitutu kimwe kigume cyiza; bisaba inshuro 2 ~ 3 gusa z'umwuka kugira ngo gisukure ≥ 10Pa kigumane. Ibisobanuro by'imiterere y'igihugu bivuga ko itandukaniro ry'igitutu hagati y'ibyumba bisukuye by'urwego rutandukanye n'ahantu hasukuye n'ahadasukuye ritagomba kuba munsi ya 0.5mmH2O (~ 5Pa), kandi itandukaniro ry'igitutu hagati y'ahantu hasukuye n'aho hanze ritagomba kuba munsi ya 1.0mmH2O (~ 10Pa).
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-03-2025