Ubusanzwe ikoreshwa mu gukora cyangwa mu bushakashatsi bwa siyansi, icyumba gisukuye ni ibidukikije bigenzurwa bifite urwego ruke rw’imyanda ihumanya nkumukungugu, mikorobe zo mu kirere, uduce twa aerosol, hamwe n’umwuka w’imiti. Mubyukuri, icyumba gisukuye gifite urwego rwagenzuwe rwanduye rugaragazwa numubare wibice kuri metero kibe kubunini bwagenwe. Umwuka udukikije uri hanze yumujyi usanzwe urimo uduce duto 35.000.000 kuri metero kibe, micron 0,5 nubunini bwa diameter, bihuye nicyumba cya ISO 9 gisukuye kiri kurwego rwo hasi rwibipimo byicyumba gisukuye.
Incamake y'Icyumba
Ibyumba bisukuye bikoreshwa mubikorwa hafi ya byose aho uduce duto dushobora kugira ingaruka mbi mubikorwa byo gukora. Biratandukanye mubunini no mubigoye, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa nkinganda zikora za semiconductor, farumasi, biotech, ibikoresho byubuvuzi nubumenyi bwubuzima, hamwe ninganda zikomeye zikora mubirere, optique, igisirikare nishami ryingufu.
Icyumba gisukuye nikibanza icyo aricyo cyose kirimo aho hashyirwaho ingamba zo kugabanya kwanduza no kugenzura ibindi bipimo nkibidukikije nkubushyuhe, ubushuhe nigitutu. Ibyingenzi byingenzi ni High Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) muyunguruzi ikoreshwa mugutega ibice bifite micron 0.3 kandi binini mubunini. Umwuka wose wagejejwe mucyumba gisukuye unyura muyungurura HEPA, kandi hamwe na hamwe usanga hakenewe imikorere isuku ikomeye, Ultra Low Particulate Air (ULPA) ikoreshwa.
Abakozi batoranijwe gukorera mu byumba bisukuye bahugurwa cyane kubijyanye no kurwanya umwanda. Binjira kandi basohoka mucyumba gisukuye binyuze mu ndege, kwiyuhagira mu kirere no / cyangwa mu byumba byo kwambara, kandi bagomba kwambara imyenda idasanzwe yagenewe gufata imitego yanduye isanzwe ikomoka ku ruhu no ku mubiri.
Ukurikije ibyumba byashyizwe mucyiciro cyangwa imikorere, kwambara kwabakozi birashobora kuba bike nkamakoti ya laboratoire hamwe nogosha umusatsi, cyangwa binini cyane nkuko byuzuye muburyo bwimyenda myinshi yuzuye imyenda irimo ibikoresho byo guhumeka.
Imyenda yo mucyumba isukuye ikoreshwa kugirango ibuze ibintu kurekurwa mumubiri wuwambaye no kwanduza ibidukikije. Imyenda yo mucyumba isukuye ubwayo ntigomba kurekura ibice cyangwa fibre kugirango birinde kwanduza ibidukikije abakozi. Ubu bwoko bwanduye bwanduye bushobora gutesha agaciro imikorere yibicuruzwa munganda za semiconductor ninganda zimiti kandi birashobora gutera kwanduzanya hagati yubuvuzi n’abarwayi bo mu nganda zita ku buzima.
Imyenda yo mucyumba isukuye irimo inkweto, inkweto, udufunzo, ubwanwa bwogosha, ingofero ya bouffant, igipfukisho, masike yo mu maso, frock / amakoti ya laboratoire, amakanzu, gants hamwe nintoki, umusatsi, ingofero, amaboko hamwe ninkweto. Ubwoko bwimyenda yicyumba isukuye ikoreshwa igomba kwerekana icyumba gisukuye nibisobanuro byibicuruzwa. Ibyumba byo hasi bisukuye birashobora gusaba gusa inkweto zidasanzwe zifite inkweto zoroshye rwose zidakurikirana umukungugu cyangwa umwanda. Nyamara, inkweto zinkweto ntizigomba guteza ingaruka zo kunyerera kuko umutekano uhora ufata umwanya wambere. Ikanzu isukuye isanzwe isabwa kwinjira mucyumba gisukuye. Ibyumba 10,000 byibyumba bisukuye birashobora gukoresha imyotsi yoroshye, igipfukisho cyumutwe, hamwe na boot. Kubyumba byo mucyiciro cya 10 gisukuye, umwambaro witonze wambaye uburyo bufite igifuniko cya zipi zose, inkweto, gants hamwe nubuhumekero bwuzuye birasabwa.
Amahame meza yo gutembera mu kirere
Ibyumba bisukuye bigumana umwuka udafite uduce dukoresheje filtri ya HEPA cyangwa ULPA ikoresha amahame ya laminari cyangwa imivurungano. Sisitemu ya Laminar, cyangwa iterekanijwe, sisitemu yo gutembera mu kirere iyobora akayunguruzo hepfo kumugezi uhoraho. Sisitemu yo gutembera mu kirere ya Laminar isanzwe ikoreshwa hejuru ya 100% yo hejuru kugirango igumane urujya n'uruza. Ibipimo by'amazi ya Laminar bivugwa muri sitasiyo y'akazi (LF hoods), kandi biteganijwe muri ISO-1 binyuze muri ISO-4 ibyumba bisukuye.
Igishushanyo mbonera cyicyumba gikwiye gikubiyemo sisitemu yo gukwirakwiza ikirere cyose, harimo ingingo zijyanye no kugaruka kwikirere gihagije. Mu byumba bitembera neza, bivuze gukoresha ikoreshwa ryumuyaga muke ugaruka kuri perimetero ya zone. Muburyo butambitse bwa porogaramu, bisaba gukoresha ikirere kigaruka kumupaka wibikorwa. Gukoresha igisenge cyashyizwe hejuru yikirere bivuguruzanya nuburyo bukwiye bwo gutunganya ibyumba bya sisitemu.
Ibyumba bisukuye
Ibyumba bisukuye bishyirwa muburyo umwuka usukuye. Muri Federal Standard 209 (A kugeza D) yo muri Amerika, umubare wibice bingana kandi birenga 0.5µm bipimwa muri metero kibe yumuyaga, kandi iyi mibare ikoreshwa mugutondekanya icyumba gisukuye. Iyi metric nomenclature nayo yemerwa muri verisiyo ya 209E iheruka ya Standard. Federal Standard 209E ikoreshwa imbere mu gihugu. Ibipimo bishya ni TC 209 kuva mumuryango mpuzamahanga. Ibipimo byombi byerekana icyumba gisukuye ukurikije umubare wibice biboneka mu kirere cya laboratoire. Ibyumba bisukuye mubyumba bisukuye FS 209E na ISO 14644-1 bisaba ibipimo byihariye byo kubara no kubara kugirango urwego rwisuku rwicyumba gisukuye cyangwa ahantu hasukuye. Mu Bwongereza, Standard Standard 5295 ikoreshwa mu gushyira ibyumba bisukuye. Ibipimo bigiye gusimburwa na BS EN ISO 14644-1.
Ibyumba bisukuye bishyirwa mubikorwa ukurikije umubare nubunini bwibice byemewe kuri buri kirere cyumwuka. Umubare munini nka "urwego 100" cyangwa "icyiciro 1000" bivuga FED_STD-209E, kandi ugaragaza umubare wibice bingana na 0.5 µm cyangwa binini byemewe kuri metero kibe yumuyaga. Igipimo nacyo cyemerera interpolation, birashoboka rero gusobanura urugero "icyiciro 2000."
Imibare mito yerekeza kuri ISO 14644-1, igaragaza logarithm ya cumi yumubare wibice 0.1 µm cyangwa binini byemewe kuri metero kibe yumuyaga. Kurugero, icyumba cya ISO icyiciro 5 gisukuye gifite byibuze 105 = 100.000 kuri m³.
Byombi FS 209E na ISO 14644-1 bifata isano-yo guhuza ibiti hagati yubunini bwibice hamwe nubunini bwibice. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ntakintu nkicyerekezo cya zeru. Umwuka w'icyumba gisanzwe ni icyiciro 1.000.000 cyangwa ISO 9.
ISO 14644-1 Isuku Ibipimo Byumba
| Icyiciro | Ibice ntarengwa / m3 | FED STD 209Bingana | |||||
| > = 0.1 µm | > = 0.2 µm | > = 0.3 µm | > = 0.5 µm | > = 1 µm | > = 5 µm | ||
| ISO 1 | 10 | 2 | |||||
| ISO 2 | 100 | 24 | 10 | 4 | |||
| ISO 3 | 1.000 | 237 | 102 | 35 | 8 | Icyiciro cya 1 | |
| ISO 4 | 10,000 | 2.370 | 1.020 | 352 | 83 | Icyiciro cya 10 | |
| ISO 5 | 100.000 | 23.700 | 10.200 | 3,520 | 832 | 29 | Icyiciro cya 100 |
| ISO 6 | 1.000.000 | 237.000 | 102.000 | 35,200 | 8.320 | 293 | Icyiciro 1.000 |
| ISO 7 | 352.000 | 83,200 | 2.930 | Icyiciro 10,000 | |||
| ISO 8 | 3,520.000 | 832.000 | 29.300 | Icyiciro 100.000 | |||
| ISO 9 | 35,200.000 | 8.320.000 | 293.000 | Icyumba cyo mu cyumba | |||
Igihe cyo kohereza: Werurwe-29-2023