IS0 14644-5 isaba ko gushyiraho ibikoresho bidahinduka mu byumba bisukuye bigomba gushingira ku gishushanyo n'imikorere y'icyumba gisukuye. Ibisobanuro bikurikira bizagaragazwa hano hepfo.
1. Uburyo bwo gushyiraho ibikoresho: Uburyo bwiza ni ugufunga icyumba gisukuye mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho, kandi ukagira urugi rushobora kugera ku mfuruka y'aho ibikoresho bireba cyangwa ugashyiraho umuyoboro ku kibaho kugira ngo ibikoresho bishya binyuremo kandi byinjire mu cyumba gisukuye kugira ngo hirindwe ko icyumba gisukuye hafi y'igihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho cyanduzwa, ingamba zo kwirinda zigomba gufatwa kugira ngo icyumba gisukuye gikomeze kuzuza ibisabwa mu isuku yacyo n'imirimo ikurikiraho isabwa.
2. Niba imirimo yo mu cyumba gisukuye idashobora guhagarara muri buri gihe cyo gushyiraho, cyangwa niba hari inyubako zigomba gusenywa, icyumba gisukuye kigomba gukurwaho neza n'aho gukorera: inkuta cyangwa ibice by'agateganyo bishobora gukoreshwa. Kugira ngo bitabangamira imirimo yo gushyiraho, hagomba kuba hari umwanya uhagije hafi y'ibikoresho. Niba ibintu bibyemereye, kugera ku gice cyometseho bishobora kuba binyuze mu nzira za serivisi cyangwa ahandi hantu hatari ingenzi: niba ibi bidashoboka, ingamba zigomba gufatwa kugira ngo bigabanye ingaruka z'umwanda uterwa n'imirimo yo gushyiraho. Ahantu hometseho hagomba kugumana umuvuduko ungana cyangwa umuvuduko mubi. Umuyoboro w'umwuka mwiza ugomba gucibwa mu gace kanini kugira ngo hirindwe umuvuduko mwiza ku byumba bisukuye bikikije. Niba kugera ku gice cyometseho ari ukunyura mu cyumba gisukuye cyegeranye gusa, udupapuro dufatana tugomba gukoreshwa mu gukuraho umwanda ku nkweto.
3. Nyuma yo kwinjira ahantu hirengeye, inkweto cyangwa inkweto zikoreshwa rimwe cyangwa imyenda y'akazi imwe ishobora gukoreshwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduza imyenda isukuye. Ibi bikoresho bigomba gukoreshwa rimwe mbere yo kuva mu gace kashyizwemo ibikoresho bigomba gukurwaho mbere yo kuva mu gace kashyizwemo ibikoresho. Uburyo bwo kugenzura ahantu hakikije agace kashyizwemo ibikoresho mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho bigomba gukorwa kandi hagafatwa ingamba zo kubikurikirana kugira ngo hamenyekane ko umwanda ushobora kwinjira mu cyumba gisukuye cyegeranye ugaragara. Nyuma yo gushyiraho ingamba zo kwitandukanya, hashobora gushyirwaho ibikoresho bitandukanye bikenerwa na rubanda, nk'amashanyarazi, amazi, gazi, imashini isukura umwuka n'amazi mabi. Hakwiye kwitabwaho kugenzura no gutandukanya imyanda ituruka muri icyo gikorwa uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo hirindwe ko ikwirakwira mu cyumba gisukuye gikikije. Bigomba kandi koroshya isuku neza mbere yo gukuraho uruzitiro rwo kwitandukanya. Nyuma y'uko ibikoresho bya rubanda byujuje ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa, agace kose kashyizwemo ibikoresho bigomba gusukurwa no gukurwaho umwanda hakurikijwe uburyo bwo gusukura bwagenwe. Ubuso bwose, harimo inkuta zose, ibikoresho (bidahinduka n'ibishobora kwimurwa) n'amagorofa, bigomba gusukurwa, guhanagurwa no gukaraba, hitabwaho cyane cyane ahantu hasukura inyuma y'abarinzi b'ibikoresho n'ibiri munsi y'ibikoresho.
4. Isuzuma ry’ibanze ry’imikorere y’ibikoresho rishobora gukorwa hashingiwe ku miterere nyayo y’icyumba gisukuye n’ibikoresho byashyizweho, ariko isuzuma ry’uburyo bwo kwakira rigomba gukorwa iyo imiterere y’ibidukikije bisukuye yujuje neza. Bitewe n’imiterere y’aho byashyizwe, ushobora gutangira gusenya witonze urukuta rwo kwitandukanya; niba umwuka mwiza wafunzwe, wongere utangire; igihe cy’iki cyiciro cy’akazi kigomba gutoranywa neza kugira ngo ugabanye ingaruka mbi ku mirimo isanzwe y’icyumba gisukuye. Muri iki gihe, bishobora kuba ngombwa gupima niba ubwinshi bw’uduce tw’umwuka mu kirere bwujuje ibisabwa byagenwe.
5. Gusukura no gutegura imbere mu bikoresho n'ibyumba by'ingenzi bigomba gukorwa mu buryo busanzwe bwo gusukura mu cyumba. Ibyumba byose by'imbere n'ubuso bwose buhuye n'ibicuruzwa cyangwa bukoreshwa mu gutwara ibicuruzwa bigomba guhanagurwa kugeza ku rwego rw'isuku rukenewe. Urukurikirane rw'isuku rw'ibikoresho rugomba kuva hejuru kugeza hasi. Iyo uduce dukwirakwiriye, uduce tunini tuzagwa hasi mu bikoresho cyangwa hasi bitewe n'uburemere. Sukura ubuso bw'inyuma bw'ibikoresho kuva hejuru kugeza hasi. Iyo bibaye ngombwa, gupima uduce tw'ubuso bigomba gukorwa ahantu ibisabwa mu gutunganya ibicuruzwa cyangwa mu buryo bwo kubitunganya ari ingenzi cyane.
6. Ukurikije imiterere y’ibyumba bisukuye, cyane cyane ubuso bunini, ishoramari rinini, umusaruro mwinshi n’ibisabwa cyane mu byumba bisukuye bigezweho, gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gutunganya umusaruro muri ubu bwoko bw’uruganda rusukuye bisa cyane n’ibyumba bisukuye bisanzwe. Muri urwo rwego, itegeko rigenga "Kode y’Ubwubatsi n’Ubwiza bw’Uruganda Rusukuye" ryasohotse mu 2015 ryashyizeho ingingo zimwe na zimwe zo gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gutunganya umusaruro mu nganda zisukuye, cyane cyane harimo ibi bikurikira.
①. Kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduzwa cyangwa kwangirika kw'icyumba gisukuye cyakiriwe "ubusa" mu gihe cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho, igikorwa cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho ntikigomba kugira umuvuduko ukabije cyangwa ihindagurika, kandi ntikigomba kugabanywamo ibice no kwanduza ubuso bw'ibikoresho.
②. Kugira ngo ibikoresho byo gukora mu cyumba gisukuye bishyirwe mu buryo bunoze kandi nta kintu cyangwa se gifunguye cyane, kandi hagakurikizwa uburyo bwo gucunga umusaruro mu isuku mu isuku, hagomba gukoreshwa ibikoresho byo gukora ibikoresho bisukuye hakurikijwe "ibicuruzwa byarangiye" n'ibicuruzwa byarangije gukoreshwa mu "buse", ibikoresho, imashini, nibindi bigomba gukoreshwa mu ishyirwaho ry'ibikoresho, ntibigomba gusohora cyangwa gutanga imyanda (harimo no mu gihe gisanzwe cy'icyumba gisukuye igihe kirekire) yangiza ibicuruzwa byakozwe. Ibikoresho bisukuye bidafite ivumbi, bidafite ingese, bidafite amavuta kandi bidatanga ivumbi mu gihe cyo kubikoresha.
③. Ubuso bw'imitako y'inyubako mu cyumba gisukuye bugomba kurindwa n'amasahani, amafirime n'ibindi bikoresho bisukuye, bidafite ivumbi; icyuma gishyigikira ibikoresho kigomba gukorwa hakurikijwe igishushanyo cyangwa ibisabwa mu nyandiko za tekiniki z'ibikoresho. Niba nta bisabwa, hagomba gukoreshwa amasahani y'icyuma kitagira umuhengeri cyangwa amasahani ya pulasitiki. Imiterere y'icyuma cya karuboni gikoreshwa mu gushimangira ishingiro no mu gushimangira hasi igomba kuvurwa n'imiti irinda ingese, kandi ubuso bugomba kuba burambuye kandi bworoshye; ibikoresho byo gufunga bikoreshwa mu gufunga.
④. Ibikoresho bigomba kuba byanditseho ibintu, ubwoko, itariki byakoreweho, igihe cyo kubika, amabwiriza y’uburyo bwo kubaka n’ibyemezo by’ibicuruzwa. Imashini n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu byumba bisukuye ntibigomba kwimurirwa mu byumba bisukuye kugira ngo bikoreshwe. Imashini n’ibikoresho ntibigomba kwimurirwa mu byumba bisukuye kugira ngo bikoreshwe. Imashini n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu byumba bisukuye bigomba kugenzura ko ibice byabyo bitangiza ivumbi cyangwa ngo bifate ingamba zo gukumira ivumbi ryanduza ibidukikije. Imashini n’ibikoresho bikoreshwa kenshi bigomba gusukurwa mu gikoresho cy’umwuka mbere yo kwimurirwa mu byumba bisukuye., bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bitagira amavuta, bitagira umwanda, bitagira ivumbi, kandi bitagira ingese, kandi bigomba kwimurwa nyuma yo gusuzuma no gushyiraho icyapa "Gisukuye" cyangwa "Ahantu Hasukuye Gusa".
⑤. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho mu cyumba gisukuye bigomba gushyirwa ku "magorofa yihariye" nko ku magorofa azamutse. Umusingi w'ibikoresho muri rusange ugomba gushyirwa ku igorofa ryo hasi rya tekiniki rya mezzanine cyangwa ku isahani ifite imyenge ya sima; ibikorwa bigomba gusenywa kugira ngo hashyirweho ishingiro Imiterere y'ubutaka nyuma yo gucibwa n'icyuma gikoresha amashanyarazi igomba kongerwamo imbaraga, kandi ubushobozi bwabwo bwo gutwara imizigo ntibugomba kuba munsi y'ubushobozi bwa mbere bwo gutwara imizigo. Iyo hakoreshejwe umusingi wigenga w'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma, ugomba kuba ukozwe mu bikoresho bya galvanised cyangwa icyuma kitagira umugese, kandi ubuso bugaragara bugomba kuba burambuye kandi bworoshye.
⑥. Iyo igikorwa cyo gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho mu cyumba gisukuye gisaba imyobo yo gufungura inkuta, ibisenge bimanitse n'amagorofa azamutse, imirimo yo gucukura ntigomba gutandukanya cyangwa kwanduza ubuso bw'inkuta n'amagorofa amanitse bigomba kugumaho. Nyuma yo gufungura igorofa rizamutse iyo urufatiro rudashobora gushyirwaho ku gihe, hagomba gushyirwaho ibyuma byo kurinda umutekano n'ibimenyetso by'impanuka; nyuma yo gushyiraho ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibikoresho, icyuho gikikije umwobo kigomba gufungwa, kandi ibikoresho n'ibice byo gufunga bigomba kuba biri mu buryo bworoshye, kandi isano iri hagati y'igice cyo gufunga n'igice cyo ku rukuta igomba kuba ikomeye kandi ikomeye; ubuso bwo gufunga ku ruhande rumwe rw'icyumba cy'akazi bugomba kuba buringaniye kandi bunoze.
Igihe cyo kohereza ubutumwa: Nzeri-06-2023