Bitewe no kunoza ikoranabuhanga mu gukora no kunoza ibisabwa mu bwiza, ibisabwa mu mashami menshi yo gukora byagiye byinjira buhoro buhoro mu cyerekezo cy’abantu. Muri iki gihe, inganda nyinshi zashyize mu bikorwa imishinga yo gusukura ibyumba bidafite ivumbi, ishobora gukuraho (kugenzura) imyanda n’umukungugu mu kirere no gushyiraho ibidukikije bisukuye kandi byiza. Imishinga yo gusukura ibyumba igaragara cyane cyane muri laboratwari, ibiribwa, amavuta yo kwisiga, ibyumba byo kubaga, ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga, imiti ikoreshwa mu buvuzi, ibikoresho by’ubuvuzi, n’ibindi.
Icyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi bivuga isohoka ry’imyanda nk’uduce duto, umwuka wangiza, na bagiteri mu kirere mu mwanya runaka, hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu, isuku, igitutu cyo mu nzu, umuvuduko w’umwuka n’ikwirakwira ry’umwuka, urusaku, gutigita, amatara, n’amashanyarazi adahindagurika. Icyumba cyagenewe umwihariko kigenzurwa hakurikijwe ibisabwa runaka. Ni ukuvuga ko, uko ikirere cyo hanze cyaba gihinduka kose, imiterere yacyo yo mu nzu ishobora kugumana ibisabwa byagenwe mbere by’isuku, ubushyuhe, ubushuhe n’igitutu.
None se ni ibihe bice bishobora gukoreshwa mu gusukura icyumba kidafite ivumbi?
Icyumba gisukuye cy’inganda kigamije kugenzura uduce tudafite ubuzima. Gigenzura cyane cyane ukwanduzwa kw’ibintu bikora n’uduce tw’umukungugu wo mu kirere, kandi muri rusange kigumana umuvuduko mwiza imbere. Kibereye inganda zikora neza, inganda zikora ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga (semiconductors, integrated circuits, nibindi) inganda zikora mu kirere, inganda zikora imiti isukuye cyane, inganda zikora ingufu za atome, inganda zikora ibikoresho bya opto-magnetic (disiki y’amatara, filime, ikora kaseti) LCD (ikirahure cy’amazi), disiki ikomeye ya mudasobwa, inganda zikora umutwe wa magnetike ya mudasobwa n’izindi nganda nyinshi. Icyumba gisukuye cy’ibinyabutabire kigenzura ahanini ukwanduzwa kw’ibintu bikora n’uduce tuzima (bagiteri) n’uduce tudafite ubuzima (umukungugu). Gishobora kandi kugabanywamo: A. Icyumba gisukuye rusange cy’ibinyabuzima: gigenzura ahanini ukwanduzwa kwa mikorobe (bagiteri). Muri icyo gihe, ibikoresho byacyo by’imbere bigomba kuba bishobora kwihanganira kwangirika kw’ibintu bitandukanye bisukuye, kandi umuvuduko mwiza muri rusange uragenzurwa imbere. Mu by’ukuri icyumba gisukuye cy’inganda gifite ibikoresho byacyo by’imbere bigomba kuba bishobora kwihanganira inzira zitandukanye zo gusukura. Ingero: inganda zikora imiti, ibitaro (ibyumba byo kubaga, ibyumba byo kwa muganga bidafite imiti), ibiribwa, amavuta yo kwisiga, ikorwa ry'ibinyobwa, laboratwari z'amatungo, laboratwari y'umubiri n'iya chimique, aho amaraso ashyirwa, nibindi. B. Icyumba cyo gusukura gisukuye: ahanini kigenzura kwanduza uduce tw'ibintu bikorera hanze no ku bantu. Imbere hagomba kugumana igitutu kibi mu kirere. Ingero: Bacteriology, biology, laboratwari isukuye, physical engineering (genes recombinant, gutegura urukingo).
Amabwiriza yihariye: Ni gute wakwinjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi?
1. Abakozi, abashyitsi n'abakora imirimo batahawe uburenganzira bwo kwinjira no gusohoka mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi bagomba kwiyandikisha mu bakozi babishinzwe kugira ngo binjire mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi kandi bagomba kuba baherekejwe n'abakozi babishoboye mbere yo kwinjira.
2. Umuntu wese winjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi agiye ku kazi cyangwa gusura agomba kwambara imyenda, ingofero, n'inkweto bitagira ivumbi hakurikijwe amabwiriza mbere yo kwinjira mu cyumba gisukuye, kandi ntagomba gushyira imyenda idafite ivumbi, n'ibindi mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi.
3. Ibintu by'umuntu ku giti cye (amasakoshi, ibitabo, nibindi) n'ibikoresho bidakoreshwa mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi ntibyemewe kujyanwa mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi nta ruhushya rw'umuyobozi w'icyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi; ibitabo byo gusana n'ibikoresho bigomba gushyirwa ahantu hadakoreshejwe.
4. Iyo ibikoresho fatizo byinjiye mu cyumba gisukuye kidafite ivumbi, bigomba gufungurwa bigahanagurwa hanze mbere, hanyuma bigashyirwa mu gikoni cy’umwuka gishyushye hanyuma bikazanwa.
5. Icyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi n'ibiro byombi ni ahantu hatagerwa itabi. Niba unywa itabi, ugomba kunywa itabi no koza mu kanwa mbere yo kwinjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi.
6. Mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi, ntiwemerewe kurya, kunywa, kwishimisha, cyangwa gukora ibindi bintu bidafite aho bihuriye n'umusaruro.
7. Abinjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi bagomba kugira isuku ku mubiri wabo, bakaraba umusatsi wabo kenshi, kandi babujijwe gukoresha imibavu n'amavuta yo kwisiga.
8. Imyenda migufi, inkweto zo kugenda, n'amasogisi ntibyemewe iyo winjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi.
9. Terefone zigendanwa, imfunguzo, n'ibikoresho byo mu nzu ntibigomba gushyirwa mu cyumba gisukuye kidafite ivumbi kandi bigomba gushyirwa mu dusanduku tw'imyenda y'umuntu ku giti cye.
10. Abatari abakozi ntibemerewe kwinjira mu cyumba gisukuye kitagira ivumbi batabifitiye uburenganzira.
11. Birabujijwe rwose gutanga inguzanyo z'agateganyo z'abandi bantu cyangwa kuzana abakozi batabifitiye uburenganzira mu cyumba kitagira ivumbi.
12. Abakozi bose bagomba gusukura aho bakorera hakurikije amabwiriza mbere yo kujya no kuva ku kazi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ugushyingo-03-2023