Aho bigenzurwa: Isuzuma ry'isuku yo mu cyumba gisukuye, isuzuma ry'ubuhanga mu by'ubwubatsi, harimo ibiribwa, ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi, amavuta yo kwisiga, amazi yo mu macupa, ikigo gitunganya amata, ikigo gitunganya ibikoresho by'ikoranabuhanga, ikigo cyo kubaga mu bitaro, ikigo gitunganya inyamaswa, ikigo gitunganya umutekano w'ibinyabuzima, akabati k'umutekano w'ibinyabuzima, intebe yo gukoreramo isukuye cyane, ikigo gitunganya ivumbi, ikigo gitunganya imiti idafite uburozi, nibindi.
Ibintu byo gupima: umuvuduko w'umwuka n'ingano y'umwuka, umubare w'impinduka z'umwuka, ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe, itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko, uduce duto duto, bagiteri za planktonic, bagiteri zituma umwuka ugabanuka, urusaku, urumuri, nibindi.
1. Umuvuduko w'umwuka, ingano y'umwuka n'umubare w'impinduka z'umwuka
Isuku y'ibyumba bisukuye n'ahantu hasukuye igerwaho ahanini no kohereza umwuka mwiza uhagije kugira ngo wimure kandi ugabanuke uduce duto tw'imyanda dukorerwa mu cyumba. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ni ngombwa cyane gupima ingano y'umwuka utangwa, umuvuduko mpuzandengo w'umwuka, ingano y'umwuka utangwa, icyerekezo cy'umwuka usohoka n'imiterere y'amazi y'ibyumba bisukuye cyangwa ahantu hasukuye.
Uruzi rw'umwuka rugana mu cyerekezo kimwe ahanini rushingiye ku mwuka mwiza unyuramo kugira ngo rusunike kandi rukure umwuka wanduye mu cyumba no mu gace kugira ngo hakomeze kurangwa isuku mu cyumba no mu gace. Kubwibyo, umuvuduko w'umwuka n'uburyo umwuka unyuramo uhuzwa ni ibipimo by'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku isuku. Umuvuduko w'umwuka mwinshi kandi uhuzwa n'ibice bitandukanye ushobora gukuraho imyanda iterwa n'ibikorwa byo mu nzu vuba kandi neza, bityo ni byo bintu by'ingenzi byo gupima bigomba kwitabwaho.
Uruzi rudakoresha icyerekezo kimwe ahanini rushingiye ku mwuka mwiza winjira kugira ngo woroshye kandi ugabanya imyanda iri mu cyumba no mu gace kugira ngo isuku ikomeze kuba nziza. Kubwibyo, uko umwuka uhinduka cyane, niko imiterere y'umwuka irushaho kuba myiza, niko ingaruka zo gushonga zirushaho kuba nziza, kandi isuku irushaho kunozwa uko bikwiye. Kubwibyo, ibyumba bisukura amazi bitari mu cyiciro kimwe, ingano y'umwuka usukuye n'impinduka z'umwuka zijyanye nibyo bintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho. Kugira ngo ubone ibipimo bisubirwamo, andika igihe cy'umuvuduko w'umuyaga kuri buri gice cyo gupima. Umubare w'impinduka z'umwuka: Bibarwa hagabanywa ingano y'umwuka wose mu cyumba gisukuye n'ingano y'icyumba gisukuye.
2. Ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe
Gupima ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe mu byumba bisukuye cyangwa ahantu hasukuye bikunze kugabanywamo urwego rubiri: isuzuma rusange n'isuzuma ryuzuye. Urwego rwa mbere rukwiriye isuzuma ry'imyanzuro yo kwakira mu buryo butarimo ikintu, naho urwego rwa kabiri rukwiriye isuzuma ry'imikorere idahinduka cyangwa ihindagurika. Ubu bwoko bw'isuzuma bukwiriye ibihe bifite ibisabwa bikomeye ku bushyuhe n'ubushuhe. Iki kizamini gikorwa nyuma y'ikizamini cy'uburyo umwuka uhuzwa n'umwuka uhuzwa na nyuma y'uko sisitemu yo gukonjesha ivuguruwe. Mu gihe cy'iki kizamini, sisitemu yo gukonjesha yari ikora neza kandi imiterere yari yahindutse. Shyira nibura sensor imwe y'ubushuhe muri buri gace gashinzwe kugenzura ubushuhe, kandi uhe sensor igihe gihagije cyo gukonjesha. Igipimo kigomba kuba gikwiriye gukoreshwa nyacyo, kandi igipimo kigomba gutangira nyuma y'uko sensor ihamye, kandi igihe cyo gupima ntikigomba kuba munsi y'iminota 5.
3. Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko
Intego y'iki kizamini ni ukugenzura ubushobozi bwo kugumana igitutu cyihariye hagati y'ikigo cyuzuye n'ibidukikije bigikikije, no hagati y'ahantu muri icyo kigo. Iki kizamini kireba ahantu hose hatatu hatuwe. Iki kizamini kigomba gukorwa buri gihe. Ikizamini cy'itandukaniro ry'igitutu kigomba gukorwa inzugi zose zifunze, kuva ku gitutu kinini kugeza ku gitutu gito, uhereye mu cyumba cy'imbere kiri kure cyane ugereranyije n'inyuma mu bijyanye n'imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera, no gupima hanze mu buryo bukurikiranye; ibyumba byegeranye bifite isuku byo mu rwego rutandukanye bifite imyobo ifatanye (agace), hagomba kubaho icyerekezo gikwiye cy'umwuka aho ufunguye, n'ibindi.
4. Uduce duto duto
Uburyo bwo kubara bukoreshwa, ni ukuvuga ko umubare w'uduce duto duto duto duto cyangwa tungana n'ingano runaka y'uduce duto mu kirere gisukuye upimwa n'agakoresho ko gupima isuku y'uduce duto duto mu cyumba gisukuye. Nyuma y'uko igikoresho gifunguwe kandi kigashyuha kugeza gihamye, igikoresho gishobora gupimwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza yo gukoresha. Iyo agakoresho ko gupima gashyizwe aho gakorerwa isuzuma, gusoma guhoraho bishobora gutangira gusa nyuma y'uko umubare w'uduce uhamye. Agakoresho ko gupima kagomba kuba gasukuye kandi amazi akameneka arabujijwe cyane. Uburebure bw'agakoresho ko gupima bugomba gushingira ku burebure bwemewe bw'igikoresho. Keretse iyo byavuzwe ukundi, uburebure ntibugomba kurenza metero 1.5. Aho isuzuma ry'agakoresho rikorerwa n'aho igikoresho gikorera bigomba kuba biri ku muvuduko umwe w'umwuka n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo hirindwe amakosa yo gupima. Igikoresho kigomba gupimwa buri gihe hakurikijwe ukwezi kw'isuzuma ry'igikoresho.
5. Bagiteri za Planktoniki
Umubare ntarengwa w'aho gupima uhuye n'umubare w'aho gupima uduce duto duhagaze. Aho gupimira mu gice cyo gukoreraho ni nko kuri metero 0.8-1.2 uvuye ku butaka. Aho gupimira ku isoko ry'umwuka ni nko kuri cm 30 uvuye ku buso bw'umwuka. Aho gupima hashobora kongerwa ku bikoresho by'ingenzi cyangwa ku ntera y'ibikorwa by'ingenzi. Buri hantu ho gupima muri rusange hafatwa ingero rimwe. Nyuma yo gupima byose, shyira amasahani ya petri mu cyuma gikonjesha ubushyuhe buhoraho mu gihe kitari munsi y'amasaha 48. Buri gice cy'ibikoresho byo gupima kigomba kugira igerageza ryo kugenzura niba uburyo bwo gupima bwanduye.
6. Aho bagiteri zikora mu gupima ni nko muri metero 0.8-1.2 uvuye ku butaka. Shyira isahani ya petri yateguwe aho ifatwa, fungura umupfundikizo w'isahani ya petri, uyishyire ku mwanya wagenwe, hanyuma upfuke isahani ya petri, hanyuma ushyire isahani yo guhingwa. Amasahani agomba guterwa mu cyuma gikonjesha ubushyuhe budahinduka mu gihe kitari munsi y'amasaha 48. Buri gice cy'isahani yo guhingwa kigomba kugira igerageza ryo kugenzura niba isahani yo guhingwa yanduye.
7. Urusaku
Uburebure bw'igipimo buri nko muri metero 1.2 uvuye ku butaka. Niba ubuso bw'icyumba gisukuye buri munsi ya metero kare 15, niho hashobora gupimwa agace kamwe gusa hagati mu cyumba; aho bapimira ni mu mfuruka.
8. Kumurikirwa
Aho gupimira hari nko muri metero 0.8 uvuye ku butaka, kandi ingingo zitondetse ku ntera ya metero 2. Aho gupimira mu byumba biri muri metero kare 30 ni metero 0.5 uvuye ku nkuta zo ku mpande, naho aho gupimira mu byumba biri hejuru ya metero kare 30 ni metero 1 uvuye ku rukuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2023