Ahantu ho gutahura: gusuzuma isuku yicyumba gisukuye, gupima ibizamini byubushakashatsi, harimo ibiryo, ibicuruzwa byita ku buzima, amavuta yo kwisiga, amazi y’amacupa, amahugurwa y’amata, amahugurwa y’ibicuruzwa bikoresha ibikoresho bya elegitoronike, icyumba gikoreramo ibitaro, laboratoire y’amatungo, laboratoire y’ibinyabuzima, akanama gashinzwe umutekano w’ibinyabuzima, ultra- intebe y'akazi isukuye, amahugurwa adafite ivumbi, amahugurwa ya sterile, nibindi
Ibizamini: umuvuduko wumwuka nubunini bwikirere, umubare wimihindagurikire yikirere, ubushyuhe nubushuhe, itandukaniro ryumuvuduko, uduce twahagaritswe, bagiteri ya planktonique, bagiteri yimitsi, urusaku, kumurika, nibindi.
1. Umuvuduko wumwuka, ubwinshi bwikirere numubare wimpinduka zumwuka
Isuku yibyumba bisukuye n’ahantu hasukuye bigerwaho ahanini no kohereza umwuka uhagije uhagije wo kwimura no kugabanya imyanda ihumanya ikorerwa mucyumba.Kubera iyo mpamvu, birakenewe cyane gupima ubwinshi bwogutanga ikirere, umuvuduko wikirere ugereranije, guhuza ikirere kimwe, icyerekezo cyoguhumeka hamwe nuburyo bwo gutembera mubyumba bisukuye cyangwa ibikoresho bisukuye.
Urujya n'uruza rwinshi rushingiye cyane cyane kumyuka yumuyaga usukuye kugirango usunike kandi wimure umwuka wanduye mubyumba no mukarere kugirango isuku yicyumba nakarere.Kubwibyo, umuvuduko wumwuka hamwe nuburinganire bwigice cyacyo gitanga ikirere nibintu byingenzi bigira ingaruka ku isuku.Umuvuduko mwinshi, mwinshi uhuza ibice byumuyaga birashobora gukuraho umwanda uterwa nuburyo bwo murugo byihuse kandi neza, bityo nibintu byingenzi byo kugerageza kwibandaho.
Urujya n'uruza rudafite icyerekezo rushingiye cyane cyane ku mwuka usukuye winjira kugira ngo ugabanye kandi ugabanye umwanda mu cyumba no mu gace kugira ngo ugire isuku.Kubwibyo, umubare munini wimihindagurikire y’ikirere, niko uburyo bwo guhumeka ikirere bushyira mu gaciro, ningaruka zikomeye zo guhindagurika, hamwe nisuku bizanozwa bikwiranye.Kubwibyo, ibyumba bitagira icyiciro kimwe bitemba ibyumba bisukuye, ubwinshi bwogutanga ikirere hamwe nimpinduka zijyanye nikirere nicyo kintu nyamukuru cyo kugerageza ikirere cyo kwibandaho.Kugirango ubone ibisomwa bisubirwamo, andika igihe cyo kugereranya umuvuduko wumuyaga kuri buri ngingo yo gupima.Umubare wimihindagurikire yikirere: Kubarwa mugabanye ubwinshi bwikirere bwicyumba gisukuye nubunini bwicyumba gisukuye
2. Ubushuhe n'ubushuhe
Ibipimo by'ubushyuhe n'ubushuhe mu byumba bisukuye cyangwa ibikoresho bisukuye mubisanzwe bigabanyijemo ibyiciro bibiri: ibizamini rusange hamwe n'ibizamini byuzuye.Urwego rwa mbere rukwiranye no kurangiza ikizamini cyo kwemererwa muburyo bwubusa, naho urwego rwa kabiri rukwiranye na static cyangwa dinamike yuzuye igerageza.Ubu bwoko bwikizamini burakwiriye mugihe gikenewe cyane kubushyuhe nubushuhe.Iki kizamini gikozwe nyuma yikizamini cyo guhumeka ikirere hamwe na sisitemu yo guhumeka.Mugihe cyiki kizamini, sisitemu yo guhumeka yakoraga neza kandi ibintu byari byifashe neza.Shiraho byibuze icyuma kimwe muri buri gace kagenzura ubushuhe, hanyuma utange sensor igihe gihagije cyo guhagarara.Ibipimo bigomba kuba bikwiriye intego yo gukoresha nyabyo, kandi gupima bigomba gutangira nyuma ya sensor ihamye, kandi igihe cyo gupima ntigomba kuba munsi yiminota 5.
3. Itandukaniro ryingutu
Intego yiki kizamini ni ukugenzura ubushobozi bwo gukomeza umuvuduko utandukanye hagati yikigo cyarangiye n’ibidukikije, ndetse n’imyanya iri mu kigo.Uku gutahura gukurikizwa kuri leta zose uko ari 3.Iki kizamini kigomba gukorwa buri gihe.Ikizamini cyo gutandukanya umuvuduko kigomba gukorwa ninzugi zose zifunze, uhereye kumuvuduko mwinshi ukageza kumuvuduko muke, guhera mucyumba cyimbere kure cyane hanze ukurikije imiterere ya gahunda, no kugerageza hanze bikurikiranye;ibyumba bisukuye byegeranye byinzego zitandukanye hamwe nu mwobo uhujwe (agace), hagomba kubaho icyerekezo cyiza cyo guhumeka neza mugukingura, nibindi.
4. Ibice byahagaritswe
Uburyo bwo kubara bwibanze bwakoreshejwe, ni ukuvuga, umubare wibice byahagaritswe birenze cyangwa bingana nubunini buke mubunini bwikirere cyumuyaga mubidukikije bisukuye bipimwa numukungugu wumukungugu kugirango harebwe urwego rwisuku rwibice byahagaritswe muri icyumba gisukuye.Igikoresho kimaze gukingurwa no gushyuha kugirango gihamye, igikoresho gishobora guhindurwa ukurikije amabwiriza yo gukoresha.Iyo umuyoboro w'icyitegererezo ushyizwe ahakorerwa icyitegererezo, gusoma bikomeza bishobora gutangira nyuma yo kubara byemejwe ko bihamye.Umuyoboro w'icyitegererezo ugomba kuba ufite isuku kandi birabujijwe kumeneka.Uburebure bw'icyitegererezo bugomba gushingira ku burebure bwemewe bw'igikoresho.Keretse niba byavuzwe ukundi, uburebure ntibushobora kurenga m 1.5.Icyitegererezo cy'icyitegererezo cya konte hamwe n'umwanya w'igikoresho bigomba kuba ku muvuduko umwe w'ikirere n'ubushyuhe kugira ngo wirinde amakosa yo gupimwa.Igikoresho kigomba guhindurwa buri gihe ukurikije icyerekezo cyibikoresho.
5. Bagiteri ya planktonique
Umubare ntarengwa w'icyitegererezo uhuye n'umubare w'ingingo zahagaritswe.Ahantu ho gupimira ahakorerwa ni nka 0.8-1.2m hejuru yubutaka.Ikigereranyo cyo gupimisha ikirere kiri hafi ya 30cm uvuye hejuru yikirere.Ibipimo byo gupima birashobora kongerwaho ibikoresho byingenzi cyangwa ibikorwa byingenzi byakazi.Buri cyitegererezo cyatanzwe muri rusange.Nyuma yo gutoranya byose birangiye, shyira ibyokurya bya petri muri incubator ihoraho yubushyuhe mugihe kitarenze amasaha 48.Buri cyiciro cyitangazamakuru ryumuco kigomba kugira igeragezwa ryo kugenzura niba umuco wanduye.
6. Ahantu hapimwa na bagiteri zikorerwamo ni nka 0.8-1.2m hejuru yubutaka.Shira ibiryo bya petri byateguwe ahakorerwa icyitegererezo, fungura umupfundikizo wibiryo bya petri, ubishyire ahagaragara mugihe cyagenwe, hanyuma upfundikire isahani ya petri, hanyuma ushire ibiryo byumuco Ibyokurya bigomba guterwa mumashanyarazi ahoraho ubushyuhe butari munsi Amasaha 48.Buri cyiciro cyumuco giciriritse kigomba kugira igerageza ryo kugenzura niba umuco wumuco wanduye.
7. Urusaku
Uburebure bwo gupima ni metero 1,2 uvuye ku butaka.Niba ubuso bwicyumba gisukuye buri munsi ya metero kare 15, hashobora gupimwa ingingo imwe gusa hagati yicyumba;amanota yikizamini yerekeza ku mfuruka.
8. Kumurika
Indege yo gupima ni nko kuri metero 0.8 uvuye ku butaka, kandi ingingo zitunganijwe ku ntera ya metero 2.Ibipimo byo gupima mubyumba biri muri metero kare 30 ni metero 0,5 uvuye kurukuta rwuruhande, naho ibipimo byo gupima mubyumba birenga metero kare 30 ni metero 1 uvuye kurukuta.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-07-2023