NI GUTE WAHITAMO UMUTI WO KUNYURANYA UMWUKA UKWIYE?

Umoya usukuye ni kimwe mu bintu by'ingenzi kugira ngo buri wese akomeze kubaho. Icyitegererezo cy'akayunguruzo k'umwuka ni igikoresho kirinda guhumeka gikoreshwa mu kurinda guhumeka kw'abantu. Gifata kandi kigakurura utuntu dutandukanye mu kirere, bityo kikanoza ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu. Cyane cyane ubu ko coronavirus nshya iri kwiyongera hirya no hino ku isi, ingaruka nyinshi zagaragaye ku buzima zifitanye isano n'ihumana ry'umwuka. Nk'uko raporo ya EPHA ibivuga, amahirwe yo kwandura coronavirus nshya mu mijyi yanduye ni 84%, kandi 90% by'igihe cy'akazi n'imyidagaduro by'abantu bimara mu nzu. Uburyo bwo kunoza ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu, guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kuyungurura umwuka ni igice cy'ingenzi cyabyo.

Guhitamo uburyo bwo kuyungurura umwuka biterwa n'ibintu byinshi, nko kuba umwuka wo hanze umeze neza, imiti ikoreshwa, umusaruro n'aho batuye, inshuro zo gusukura mu nzu, ibimera, nibindi. Ntidushobora kunoza ubwiza bw'umwuka wo hanze, ariko dushobora kuyungurura imyuka izenguruka mu nzu no hanze kugira ngo tumenye neza ko ubwiza bw'umwuka wo mu nzu bugera ku rugero, ni ngombwa gushyiraho akayunguruzo k'umwuka.

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gukuraho uduce duto mu kirere rigizwe ahanini no kuyungurura ibintu mu kirere, kubyinjiza mu kirere, gukuraho ivumbi rya electrostatic, uburyo bwo gukoresha iyoni n’amaraso mu buryo bwa electrostatic, no kuyungurura electrostatic. Mu gushyiraho sisitemu yo gutunganya, ni ngombwa guhitamo uburyo bukwiye bwo kuyungurura no guhuza neza ibyuma biyungurura umwuka. Mbere yo guhitamo, hari ibibazo byinshi bigomba gusobanuka mbere y’igihe:

1. Pima neza ingano y'umukungugu n'imiterere y'uduce tw'umukungugu tw'umwuka wo hanze: Umwuka wo mu nzu uyungururwa uva mu mwuka wo hanze hanyuma woherezwa mu nzu. Ibi bifitanye isano n'ibikoresho by'akayunguruzo, guhitamo urwego rw'akayunguruzo, nibindi, cyane cyane mu gusukura mu byiciro byinshi. Mu gihe cyo kuyungurura, guhitamo akayunguruzo mbere yo kuyungurura bisaba gusuzuma neza ibidukikije byo hanze, aho bikoreshwa, ikoreshwa ry'ingufu n'ibindi bintu;

2. Ibipimo ngenderwaho byo gusukura mu nzu: Ibipimo by'isuku bishobora kugabanywamo icyiciro cya 100000-1000000 hashingiwe ku mubare w'uduce kuri metero kibe y'umwuka ufite umurambararo urenze urugero rw'ibyiciro. Akayunguruzo k'umwuka kari ku mpera y'umuyoboro w'umwuka. Dukurikije ibipimo ngenderwaho bitandukanye, mu gihe cyo gushushanya no guhitamo akayunguruzo, ni ngombwa kumenya imikorere myiza yo gusukura umwuka mu cyiciro cya nyuma. Icyiciro cya nyuma cy'akayunguruzo kigena urwego rwo gusukura umwuka, kandi icyiciro cyo guhuza akayunguruzo k'umwuka kigomba gutoranywa mu buryo bukwiye. Kubara imikorere myiza ya buri rwego hanyuma uhitemo kuva hasi kugeza hejuru kugira ngo urinde akayunguruzo ko hejuru no kongera igihe cyo gukora. Urugero, niba bikenewe gusukura rusange mu nzu, akayunguruzo k'ibanze gashobora gukoreshwa. Niba urwego rwo gusukura ruri hejuru, akayunguruzo gahujwe gashobora gukoreshwa, kandi imikorere myiza ya buri rwego rw'akayunguruzo ishobora gushyirwaho mu buryo bukwiye;

3. Hitamo akayunguruzo gakwiye: Ukurikije imiterere y'ikoreshwa n'ibisabwa mu buryo bwiza, hitamo ingano ikwiye y'akayunguruzo, ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ivumbi, umuvuduko w'umwuka uyungurura, ingano y'umwuka utunganywa, nibindi, hanyuma ugerageze guhitamo gafite ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ivumbi, umuvuduko muto, ubushobozi bwo gufata ivumbi rinini, umuvuduko uringaniye w'umuyaga, n'uburyo bwo gutunganya akayunguruzo gafite ingano nini y'umwuka kandi biroroshye gushyiraho.

Ibipimo bigomba kwemezwa mugihe uhitamo:

1) Ingano. Niba ari akayunguruzo k'umufuka, ugomba kwemeza umubare w'imifuka n'ubujyakuzimu bw'umufuka;

2) Gukora neza;

3) Ubudahangarwa bw'ibanze, igipimo cy'ubudahangarwa gisabwa n'umukiriya, niba nta byangombwa byihariye bihari, hitamo hakurikijwe 100-120Pa;

4. Niba ibidukikije byo mu nzu biri ahantu hari ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushuhe bwinshi, aside na alkali, ugomba gukoresha filter zijyanye nazo zirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi zirwanya ubushuhe bwinshi. Ubwo bwoko bw'filter bugomba gukoresha impapuro zijyanye nazo zirwanya ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi zirwanya ubushuhe bwinshi hamwe n'ikibaho cyo kugabanyamo ibice. Hamwe n'ibikoresho byo mu gitereko, ibifunga, nibindi, kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe byihariye by'ibidukikije.