Mubuzima bugezweho bwihuta, kwisiga nibyingenzi mubuzima bwabantu, ariko rimwe na rimwe birashobora kuba kubera ko ibintu byo kwisiga ubwabyo bitera uruhu gukora, cyangwa birashoboka kubera ko kwisiga bidasukuye mugihe cyo gutunganya.Kubwibyo, uruganda rwinshi rwo kwisiga rwubatse icyumba gisukuye cyo mu rwego rwo hejuru, kandi amahugurwa y’umusaruro nayo yabaye umukungugu, kandi ibisabwa nta mukungugu birakabije.
Kuberako icyumba gisukuye ntigishobora gusa kurinda ubuzima bwabakozi imbere, ariko kandi kigira uruhare runini mubwiza, ubunyangamugayo, ibicuruzwa byarangiye kandi bihamye byibicuruzwa.Ubwiza bwibikorwa byo kwisiga biterwa ahanini nuburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro n’ibidukikije.
Muri make, icyumba gisukuye ningirakamaro kugirango harebwe ubuziranenge bwo kwisiga.Ibi bisobanuro bifasha kubaka icyumba gisukuye cyubusa kwisiga cyujuje ubuziranenge no kugenzura imyitwarire yabakozi bakora.
Kode yo gucunga amavuta
1. Mu rwego rwo gushimangira imicungire y’isuku y’inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga no guharanira ireme ry’isuku ry’amavuta yo kwisiga n’umutekano w’abaguzi, iki gisobanuro cyakozwe hakurikijwe "Amabwiriza agenga isuku y’amavuta yo kwisiga" n’amategeko abishyira mu bikorwa.
2. Ibi bisobanuro bikubiyemo imicungire yisuku yinganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga, harimo gutoranya uruganda rukora amavuta yo kwisiga, gutegura uruganda, ibisabwa by isuku yumusaruro, kugenzura ubuziranenge bwisuku, kugenzura isuku yibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byarangiye, hamwe nisuku yumuntu nibisabwa mubuzima.
3. Ibigo byose bikora amavuta yo kwisiga bigomba kubahiriza ibi bisobanuro.
4. Inzego zishinzwe ubuzima z’inzego z’ibanze mu nzego zose zigenzura ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’aya mabwiriza.
Guhitamo urubuga no gutegura uruganda
1. Guhitamo aho inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga zigomba kubahiriza gahunda rusange ya komini.
2. Inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga zigomba kubakwa ahantu hasukuye, kandi intera iri hagati yimodoka yabyo ikora n’amasoko yangiza kandi yangiza ntigomba kuba munsi ya metero 30.
3. Isosiyete yo kwisiga ntigomba kugira ingaruka kubuzima n’umutekano byabatuye hafi.Amahugurwa y’umusaruro utanga ibintu byangiza cyangwa bitera urusaku rukomeye agomba kugira intera ikwiye yo kurinda isuku n’ingamba zo gukingira aho zituye.
4. Igenamigambi ryuruganda rukora amavuta yo kwisiga rugomba kubahiriza ibisabwa byisuku.Ibicuruzwa n’ibidakorerwa bigomba gushyirwaho kugirango umusaruro ukomeze kandi nta kwanduzanya.Amahugurwa yumusaruro agomba gushyirwa ahantu hasukuye kandi aherereye mucyerekezo cyiganje hejuru.
5. Imiterere yamahugurwa yumusaruro agomba kuba yujuje inzira yumusaruro nibisabwa nisuku.Ihame, abakora amavuta yo kwisiga bagomba gushyiraho ibyumba bibisi, ibyumba byo kubyaza umusaruro, ibyumba byo kubikamo ibicuruzwa bitarangiye, ibyumba byuzuye, ibyumba bipakira, gusukura ibikoresho, kwanduza, kumisha, ibyumba byo kubikamo, ububiko, ibyumba byubugenzuzi, ibyumba bihindura, zone buffer, biro , nibindi kugirango birinde kwanduza kwanduye.
6. Ibicuruzwa bitanga umukungugu mugihe cyo gutunganya amavuta yo kwisiga cyangwa gukoresha ibikoresho bibisi byangiza, byaka, cyangwa biturika bigomba gukoresha amahugurwa atandukanye, ibikoresho bidasanzwe, kandi bifite ingamba zubuzima n’umutekano.
7. Amazi y’imyanda, gaze y’imyanda, n’ibisigazwa by’imyanda bigomba gutunganywa kandi byujuje ibisabwa bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije by’igihugu ndetse n’ubuzima mbere yuko bisohoka.
8. Inyubako n’ibikoresho bifasha nk’amashanyarazi, gushyushya, ibyumba by’imashini zikonjesha, uburyo bwo gutanga amazi n’amazi, hamwe n’amazi yanduye, gaze y’imyanda, hamwe n’uburyo bwo gutunganya imyanda ntibigomba kugira ingaruka ku isuku y’amahugurwa.
Ibisabwa by'isuku ku musaruro
1. Inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga zigomba gushyiraho no kunoza uburyo bwo gucunga neza ubuzima no kwiha ibikoresho byabakozi babigize umwuga bahoraho cyangwa abakozi bashinzwe ubuzima.Urutonde rwabakozi bashinzwe ubuzima ruzamenyeshwa ishami ry’ubuyobozi bw’ubuzima bwa guverinoma y’intara kugira ngo ryandikwe.
2. Ubuso bwuzuye bwibyumba byo gukoreramo, kuzuza no gupakira ntibigomba kuba munsi ya metero kare 100, kuri etage yumurwa mukuru ntigomba kuba munsi ya metero kare 4, kandi uburebure bugaragara bwamahugurwa ntibugomba kuba munsi ya metero 2,5 .
3. Igorofa yicyumba gisukuye igomba kuba iringaniye, idashobora kwihanganira kwambara, kutanyerera, kutagira uburozi, kutinjira mumazi, kandi byoroshye gusukura no kuyanduza.Igorofa yumurimo ukenera gusukurwa igomba kugira ahantu hahanamye kandi ntamazi yegeranya.Umuyoboro wo hasi ugomba gushyirwaho ahantu hasi.Umuyoboro wo hasi ugomba kugira igikombe cyangwa igifuniko.
4. Inkuta enye n’igisenge cy’amahugurwa y’umusaruro bigomba kuba byanditseho ibara ryoroshye, ridafite uburozi, irwanya ruswa, irwanya ubushyuhe, irinda ubushuhe, n’ibikoresho byangiza, kandi bigomba kuba byoroshye koza no kwanduza.Uburebure bwurwego rutagira amazi ntibushobora kuba munsi ya metero 1.5.
5. Abakozi nibikoresho bagomba kwinjira cyangwa koherezwa mumahugurwa yumusaruro binyuze muri zone buffer.
6. Ibice biri mumahugurwa yumusaruro bigomba kuba binini kandi bitabujijwe kugirango ubwikorezi nubuzima burinde umutekano.Ibintu bitajyanye numusaruro ntibyemewe kubikwa mumahugurwa yumusaruro.Ibikoresho byo kubyaza umusaruro, ibikoresho, ibikoresho, imbuga, nibindi bigomba gusukurwa neza no kwanduzwa mbere na nyuma yo kubikoresha.
7. Amahugurwa yumusaruro hamwe na koridoro yasuye agomba gutandukanywa n’ahantu hakorerwa inkuta z’ibirahure kugirango hirindwe kwanduzwa.
8. Ahantu ho gukorera hagomba kugira icyumba cyo guhindura, kigomba kuba gifite imyenda yo kwambara, imyenda yinkweto n’ibindi bikoresho bihinduka, kandi igomba kuba ifite ibikoresho byo gukaraba intoki n’amazi yangiza;uruganda rutanga umusaruro rugomba gushyiraho icyumba cya kabiri cyo guhindura ukurikije ibikenewe murwego rwibicuruzwa.
9. Ibyumba byo kubika ibicuruzwa byuzuye, ibyumba byuzuye, ibyumba byo kubikamo ibikoresho bisukuye, ibyumba bihindura hamwe n’ahantu habo hagomba kuba hasukuye ikirere cyangwa ibikoresho byo kwanduza ikirere.
10. Mu mahugurwa yo kubyaza umusaruro ibikoresho byoza ikirere, icyuka cyo mu kirere kigomba kuba kure yisohoka.Uburebure bwimyuka iva mu butaka ntibugomba kuba munsi ya metero 2, kandi ntihakagombye kubaho isoko y’umwanda hafi.Niba hakoreshejwe ikoreshwa rya ultraviolet, ubukana bw'itara rya ultraviolet ntirishobora kuba munsi ya microwatts 70 / santimetero kare, kandi bizashyirwa kuri watt 30 / metero kare 10 hanyuma bizamurwa kuri metero 2.0 hejuru yubutaka;umubare rusange wa bagiteri ziri mu kirere mu mahugurwa y’umusaruro ntushobora kurenga metero 1.000.
11. Amahugurwa y’ibyumba bisukuye agomba kuba afite ibikoresho byiza byo guhumeka no gukomeza ubushyuhe nubushuhe bukwiye.Amahugurwa yo kubyaza umusaruro agomba kugira amatara meza no kumurika.Kumurika kuvanze hejuru yimirimo ntigomba kuba munsi ya 220lx, kandi kumurika kuvanze hejuru yimirimo yubugenzuzi ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 540lx.
12. Ubwiza n’ubwinshi bw’amazi y’umusaruro bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa mu buryo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, kandi ubwiza bw’amazi bugomba nibura kuba bujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa n’isuku y’amazi yo kunywa.
13. Abakora amavuta yo kwisiga bagomba kugira ibikoresho bibyara umusaruro bikwiranye nibicuruzwa kandi bishobora kwemeza ubwiza bwibicuruzwa.
14. Gushiraho ibikoresho bihamye, imiyoboro yumuzunguruko hamwe nuyoboro wamazi yinganda zibyara umusaruro bigomba kubuza ibitonyanga byamazi hamwe na kondegene kwanduza ibikoresho byo kwisiga, ibikoresho, ibicuruzwa bitarangiye hamwe nibicuruzwa byarangiye.Guteza imbere imishinga itanga umusaruro, imiyoboro, hamwe no gufunga ibikoresho.
15. Ibikoresho byose, ibikoresho, hamwe nu miyoboro ihura nibikoresho byo kwisiga hamwe nibicuruzwa bitarangiye bigomba kuba bikozwe mubikoresho bidafite uburozi, bitagira ingaruka, kandi birwanya ruswa, kandi inkuta zimbere zigomba kuba zoroshye kugirango byorohereze isuku no kwanduza. .Ibikorwa byo kwisiga bigomba guhuzwa hejuru no hepfo, kandi urujya n'uruza rw'abantu n'ibikoresho bigomba gutandukana kugirango birinde kwambuka.
16. Inyandiko zose zumwimerere zerekana umusaruro (harimo ibisubizo byubugenzuzi bwibintu byingenzi mubikorwa byateganijwe) bigomba kubikwa neza, kandi igihe cyo kubika kigomba kuba amezi atandatu kurenza igihe cyo kubika ibicuruzwa.
17. Ibikoresho byogusukura, imiti yica udukoko nibindi bintu byangiza byakoreshejwe bigomba kuba bifite ibipfunyika bihamye hamwe nibirango bisobanutse, bikabikwa mububiko bwihariye cyangwa mu kabari, kandi bikabikwa nabakozi babigenewe.
18. Igikorwa cyo kurwanya udukoko no kurwanya udukoko kigomba gukorwa buri gihe cyangwa igihe bibaye ngombwa mu ruganda, kandi hagomba gufatwa ingamba zifatika zo gukumira kwegeranya no korora imbeba, imibu, isazi, udukoko, nibindi.
19. Ubwiherero mu karere k’umusaruro buherereye hanze y’amahugurwa.Bagomba kuba amazi kandi bafite ingamba zo kwirinda umunuko, imibu, isazi nudukoko.
Kugenzura ubuziranenge bwubuzima
1. Inganda zikora amavuta yo kwisiga zigomba gushyiraho ibyumba byubugenzuzi bwisuku bujyanye nubushobozi bw’umusaruro n’ibisabwa by’isuku hakurikijwe ibisabwa n’amabwiriza y’isuku yo kwisiga.Icyumba cyubugenzuzi bwubuzima bugomba kuba gifite ibikoresho nibikoresho bijyanye, kandi bifite sisitemu yo kugenzura neza.Abakozi bakora igenzura ry’ubuzima bagomba guhabwa amahugurwa y’umwuga kandi bagatsinda isuzuma ry’ishami rishinzwe ubuzima mu ntara.
2. Buri cyiciro cyo kwisiga kigomba kwisuzumisha ubuziranenge bwisuku mbere yo gushyirwa ku isoko, kandi gishobora kuva mu ruganda nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini.
Isuku isabwa kubika ibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa byarangiye
3. Ibikoresho bito, ibikoresho byo gupakira hamwe nibicuruzwa byarangiye bigomba kubikwa mububiko butandukanye, kandi ubushobozi bwabyo bugomba guhuzwa nubushobozi bwo gukora.Kubika no gukoresha imiti yaka umuriro, iturika nuburozi bigomba kubahiriza amabwiriza yigihugu.
4. Ibikoresho bito n'ibikoresho byo gupakira bigomba kubikwa mubyiciro kandi byanditse neza.Ibicuruzwa bishobora guteza akaga bigomba gucungwa neza kandi bikabikwa mu bwigunge.
5. Ibicuruzwa byarangiye byatsinze ubugenzuzi bigomba kubikwa mububiko bwibicuruzwa byarangiye, bigashyirwa mu byiciro kandi bikabikwa ukurikije ubwoko butandukanye, kandi ntibigomba kuvangwa hamwe.Birabujijwe kubika ibintu byuburozi, bishobora guteza akaga cyangwa ibindi bintu byangirika cyangwa byaka umuriro mububiko bwibicuruzwa byarangiye.
6. Ibintu byabazwe bigomba guhunikwa kure yubutaka nurukuta rwigabana, kandi intera ntigomba kuba munsi ya santimetero 10.Ibice bigomba gusigara, kandi hagomba gukorwa ubugenzuzi buri gihe.
7. Ububiko bugomba kuba buhumeka, butarinda imbeba, butagira umukungugu, butarinda ubushuhe, butangiza udukoko nibindi bikoresho.Isuku buri gihe kandi ukomeze kugira isuku.
Isuku yumuntu ku giti cye nibisabwa mubuzima
1. Abakozi bakora umwuga wo kwisiga (harimo n'abakozi b'igihe gito) bagomba kwipimisha ubuzima buri mwaka, kandi ababonye icyemezo cy’ibizamini byo kwirinda indwara ni bo bonyine bashobora kwishora mu mavuta yo kwisiga.
2. Abakozi bagomba guhugurwa kubumenyi bwubuzima no kubona icyemezo cyamahugurwa yubuzima mbere yo gutangira imyanya yabo.Abimenyereza bahabwa amahugurwa buri myaka ibiri kandi bafite inyandiko zamahugurwa.
3. Abakozi bashinzwe umusaruro bagomba gukaraba no kwanduza intoki mbere yo kwinjira mu mahugurwa, kandi bakambara imyenda y'akazi isukuye, ingofero, n'inkweto.Imyenda y'akazi igomba gupfuka imyenda yabo yo hanze, kandi umusatsi wabo ntugomba kugaragara hanze yingofero.
4. Abakozi bahura neza nibikoresho fatizo nibicuruzwa bitarangiye ntibemerewe kwambara imitako, amasaha, gusiga imisumari, cyangwa gukomeza imisumari miremire.
5. Kunywa itabi, kurya n'ibindi bikorwa bishobora kubangamira isuku yo kwisiga birabujijwe ahakorerwa umusaruro.
6. Abakora ibikomere byamaboko ntibemerewe guhura namavuta yo kwisiga nibikoresho fatizo.
7. Ntiwemerewe kwambara imyenda y'akazi, ingofero n'inkweto ziva mu mahugurwa yo kubamo ibyumba bisukuye ahantu hadakorerwa (nk'ubwiherero), kandi ntiwemerewe kuzana ibikenerwa bya buri munsi mu mahugurwa yo kubyaza umusaruro.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-01-2024