IBINTU BIKENEYE KWITABWAHO MU GUSUKURA ICYUMBA

1: Imyiteguro yo kubaka

1) Kugenzura imiterere y'aho ukorera

① Emeza uburyo bwo gusenya, kubika no gushyira ikimenyetso ku bikoresho by'umwimerere; ganira ku buryo bwo gufata no gutwara ibintu byasenyutse.

② Emeza ibintu byahinduwe, byasenyutse, kandi byagumanye mu miyoboro y'umwuka ya mbere n'imiyoboro itandukanye, hanyuma ubimenyeshe; gena icyerekezo cy'imiyoboro y'umwuka n'imiyoboro itandukanye, kandi ugaragaze akamaro k'ibikoresho bya sisitemu, nibindi.

③ Emeza ahantu hagomba kuvugururwa n'aho hagomba kongerwa ibisenge n'aho hagomba kongerwa, kandi wemeze ubushobozi bwo gutwara ibintu, ingaruka ku bidukikije, n'ibindi, nk'iminara ikonjesha, firigo, transfoma, ibikoresho byo gutunganya ibintu bishobora guteza akaga, n'ibindi.

2) Igenzura ry'uko umushinga w'umwimerere uhagaze

① Reba imiterere y'ingenzi n'ibipimo by'aho umushinga usanzwe uherereye, koresha ibikoresho bifatika kugira ngo ukore ibipimo bikenewe, kandi ugereranye kandi ugenzure n'amakuru yuzuye.

② Menya uburemere bw'imirimo y'ibikoresho n'imiyoboro itandukanye igomba gusenywa, harimo ingamba n'umubare w'imirimo ikenewe mu gutwara no gutunganya.

③ Emeza amashanyarazi n'ibindi bintu bihari mu gihe cyo kubaka, hamwe n'uburyo bwo gusenya sisitemu y'amashanyarazi ya mbere, hanyuma ushyireho ikimenyetso.

④Guhuza inzira zo kuvugurura no gucunga umutekano.

3) Kwitegura gutangira akazi

① Ubusanzwe igihe cyo kuvugurura kiba gito, bityo ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bigomba gutumirwa mbere y'igihe kugira ngo imirimo yo kubaka igende neza igihe cyose imirimo yo kubaka itangiye.

②Cyora umurongo w'ibanze, urimo imirongo y'ibanze y'inkuta z'icyumba zisukuye, ibisenge, imiyoboro y'umwuka n'imiyoboro y'ingenzi.

③ Kugena ahantu ho kubika ibikoresho bitandukanye n'ahantu hakenewe ho gutunganya ibikoresho.

④ Gutegura amashanyarazi y'agateganyo, isoko y'amazi n'isoko ya gazi yo kubaka.

⑤ Gutegura ibikoresho bikenewe byo kuzimya inkongi n'ibindi bikoresho by'umutekano aho bubaka, gutanga inyigisho ku bakozi b'ubwubatsi ku mutekano, n'amabwiriza agenga umutekano nyuma y'akazi, n'ibindi.

⑥ Kugira ngo habeho ireme ry’ubwubatsi bw’icyumba gisukuye, abakozi b’ubwubatsi bagomba kwigishwa ubumenyi mu bya tekiniki by’icyumba gisukuye, ibisabwa mu mutekano n’ibisabwa byihariye hashingiwe ku miterere yihariye yo kuvugurura icyumba gisukuye, kandi bagashyiraho ibisabwa n’amabwiriza ajyanye n’imyenda, gushyiraho imashini, ibikoresho byo gusukura n’ibikoresho by’umutekano byihutirwa.

2: Icyiciro cyo kubaka

1) Umushinga wo gusenya

① Gerageza kudakoresha uburyo bwo "gutwika", cyane cyane iyo urimo gusenya imiyoboro y'amazi n'iy'ibyuka bisohora umuriro. Niba ugomba gukoresha uburyo bwo "gutwika", banza wemeze nyuma y'isaha imwe gusa iyo nta kibazo gihari.

② Ku mirimo yo gusenya ishobora gutera urusaku, gutigita, nibindi, hagomba gukorwa imikoranire n'impande zibishinzwe mbere y'igihe kugira ngo hamenyekane igihe cyo kubaka.

③ Iyo yashenywe igice kandi ibice bisigaye bitarashenywe cyangwa bigikenewe gukoreshwa, guhagarika sisitemu no gukora isuzuma rikenewe (umuvuduko w'amazi, umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, nibindi) mbere yo kuyisesa bigomba gukorwa neza: Mu gihe cyo guhagarika amashanyarazi, umuhanga mu by'amashanyarazi agomba kuba ari aho akorera kugira ngo akore ibijyanye n'umutekano n'imikorere.

2) Kubaka imiyoboro y'umwuka

① Kora imirimo yo kubaka aho hantu hakurikijwe amabwiriza abigenga, kandi ushyireho amabwiriza y’ubwubatsi n’umutekano hashingiwe ku miterere nyayo y’aho hantu ho kuvugurura.

② Suzuma neza kandi ubike imiyoboro y'umwuka igomba gushyirwa aho ijyanwa, komeza isuku imbere n'inyuma by'imiyoboro, kandi ufunge impera zombi n'udupira twa pulasitiki.

③ Hazabaho gutigita mu gihe cyo gushyiraho imigozi y'ihema ikozwe mu buryo bwa "boilt tent boisting", bityo ugomba guhuza na nyirayo n'abandi bakozi babishinzwe mbere y'igihe; gukuraho agapira ko gufunga mbere yo kuzamura umuyoboro w'umwuka, hanyuma ugahanagura imbere mbere yo kuzamura. Ntugahangayikishwe n'uko ibice by'ibikoresho bya mbere byangirika byoroshye (Nk'imiyoboro ya pulasitiki, ibyuma bikingira, nibindi) bitagomba gushyirwamo igitutu, kandi ingamba zikenewe zo kwirinda zigomba gufatwa.

3) Kubaka imiyoboro n'insinga

① Imirimo yo gusudira ikenewe mu miyoboro no mu nsinga igomba gushyirwamo ibikoresho byo kuzimya umuriro, imbaho ​​za asbestos, nibindi.

② Kora ibihuje neza n'amabwiriza y'ubwubatsi yerekeye imiyoboro n'insinga. Niba isuzuma rya hydraulic ritemerewe hafi y'aho rikorerwa, isuzuma ry'umuvuduko w'umwuka rishobora gukoreshwa, ariko ingamba zijyanye n'umutekano zigomba gufatwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza.

③ Mu gihe cyo guhuza imiyoboro y’umwimerere, ingamba za tekiniki z’umutekano mbere no mu gihe cyo guhuza zigomba gutegurwa mbere y’igihe, cyane cyane ku bijyanye no guhuza imiyoboro ya gaze n’amazi bishobora gushya kandi biteje akaga; mu gihe cyo gukora, abakozi bashinzwe umutekano b’inzego zibishinzwe bagomba kuba bari aho kandi ari ngombwa. Buri gihe tegura ibikoresho byo kuzimya inkongi.

④ Mu kubaka imiyoboro itwara ibikoresho bifite isuku nyinshi, uretse kubahiriza amabwiriza abigenga, hakwiye kwitabwaho cyane isuku, isukurwa n'igeragezwa ry'ubuziranenge mu gihe cyo guhuza imiyoboro y'umwimerere.

4) Kubaka umuyoboro wihariye wa gazi

① Ku miyoboro itwara ibintu birimo uburozi, inkongi, guturika, n'ibintu byangiza, kubaka mu mutekano ni ingenzi cyane. Kubera iyo mpamvu, ingingo za "Kuvugurura no Kwagura Umuyoboro wa Gazi" mu ihame ry'igihugu "Ihame ry'Ubuhanga rya Gazi ryihariye" zavuzwe hano hepfo. Aya mabwiriza agomba gushyirwa mu bikorwa cyane atari ku miyoboro ya "gazi yihariye", ahubwo no ku miyoboro yose itwara ibintu birimo uburozi, inkongi, n'ibintu byangiza.

②Iyubakwa ry'umushinga wihariye wo gusenya umuyoboro wa gazi rigomba kuba ryujuje ibi bikurikira. Ishami ry'ubwubatsi rigomba gutegura gahunda y'ubwubatsi mbere yo gutangira imirimo. Ibikubiye muri iyo gahunda bigomba kuba birimo ibice by'ingenzi, ingamba zo kwirinda mu gihe cy'ibikorwa, gukurikirana ibikorwa biteje akaga, gahunda z'ubutabazi, nimero zo guhamagara mu gihe cy'ubutabazi n'abantu babishinzwe. Abakozi b'ubwubatsi bagomba guhabwa amakuru arambuye ku byago bishobora kubaho. Vuga ukuri.

③ Mu gihe habayeho inkongi y'umuriro, amazi y'ibikoresho biteje akaga, cyangwa izindi mpanuka mu gihe cy'ibikorwa, ugomba kumvira itegeko rihuriweho kandi ugasohoka mu buryo bukurikiranye hakurikijwe inzira yo guhungiramo. . Mu gihe ukora ibikorwa by'umuriro ufunguye nko gusudira mu gihe cy'ubwubatsi, ugomba kubona uruhushya rwo kuzimya inkongi n'uruhushya rwo gukoresha ibikoresho birinda inkongi bitangwa n'ishami ry'ubwubatsi.

④ Hagomba gufatwa ingamba z'agateganyo zo kwitandukanya n'ibindi bimenyetso byo kuburira ingaruka mbi hagati y'aho ibikorwa bikorerwa n'aho imirimo y'ubwubatsi ibera. Abakozi b'ubwubatsi babujijwe cyane kwinjira mu bice bitajyanye n'ubwubatsi. Abakozi ba tekiniki ba nyir'inzu n'abo mu bubatsi bagomba kuba bari aho imirimo y'ubwubatsi ibera. Gufungura no gufunga urugi rw'urukuta, guhindura amashanyarazi, no gusimbuza gazi bigomba kurangizwa n'abakozi babigenewe bayobowe n'abakozi ba tekiniki ba nyir'inzu. Ibikorwa nta ruhushya birabujijwe cyane. Mu gihe cyo gukata no guhindura, umuyoboro wose ugomba gucibwa n'aho gukata bigomba gushyirwaho ikimenyetso gisobanutse neza mbere y'igihe. Umuyoboro washyizweho ikimenyetso ugomba kwemezwa na nyir'inzu n'abakozi ba tekiniki b'abo mu bubatsi bari aho kugira ngo hirindwe ko imirimo ikorwa nabi.

⑤ Mbere yo kubaka, imyuka yihariye iri mu muyoboro igomba gusimbuzwa azote nziza cyane, kandi sisitemu y'imiyoboro igomba gukurwamo. Gazi yasimbuwe igomba gutunganywa n'igikoresho gitunganya imyuka isohora umwuka hanyuma igasohoka nyuma yujuje ibisabwa. Umuyoboro wahinduwe ugomba kuzuzwa azote ifite umuvuduko muto mbere yo gukata, kandi igikorwa kigomba gukorwa munsi y'umuvuduko mwiza uri mu muyoboro.

⑥Nyuma y'uko imirimo yo kubaka irangiye kandi ikizamini kikaba cyarakozwe neza, umwuka uri mu miyoboro ugomba gusimbuzwa azote hanyuma umuyoboro ugakurwamo.

3: Igenzura ry'inyubako, kwakira no gukora igerageza

① Kwemera icyumba gisukuye cyavuguruwe. Ubwa mbere, buri gice kigomba gusuzumwa no kwemerwa hakurikijwe amahame n'ibipimo bireba. Ikigomba kwibandwaho hano ni igenzura n'iyemerwa ry'ibice bireba by'inyubako n'uburyo byakozwe mbere. Igenzura rimwe na rimwe n'iyemerwa ubwaryo ntibishobora kwerekana ko bishobora kuzuza ibisabwa mu "ntego zo kuvugurura". Bigomba kandi kwemezwa binyuze mu igeragezwa. Kubwibyo, si ngombwa gusa kurangiza kwemerwa, ahubwo bisaba kandi ko ishami ry'ubwubatsi rikorana na nyiri inzu kugira ngo bakore igerageza.

② Imikorere y'igerageza ry'icyumba gisukuye cyahinduwe. Sisitemu zose zikenewe, ibikoresho n'ibikoresho bigira uruhare mu ihinduka bigomba kugeragezwa kimwe kimwe hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho n'ibisabwa kandi bihuye n'imiterere yihariye y'umushinga. Amabwiriza n'ibisabwa mu igeragezwa bigomba gutegurwa. Mu gihe cy'igeragezwa, hagomba kwitabwaho cyane igenzura ry'igice gihuza na sisitemu y'umwimerere. Sisitemu nshya y'imiyoboro igomba kudahumanya sisitemu y'umwimerere. Igenzura n'isuzuma bigomba gukorwa mbere yo guhuzwa. Ingamba zikenewe zo kurinda zigomba gufatwa mu gihe cyo guhuzwa. Isuzuma nyuma yo guhuzwa Igikorwa kigomba kugenzurwa neza kandi kigapimwa, kandi igikorwa cyo kugerageza gishobora kurangizwa gusa iyo ibisabwa byuzuye.